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《甘珠爾》

《甘珠爾》

《甘珠爾》意為「佛說部」,內容涵蓋顯密兩教的經典、律典、續典、陀羅尼等。

律部

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《丹珠爾》

《丹珠爾》

《丹珠爾》意為「論疏部」,彙集了佛陀弟子及後世學者對佛經的闡釋和論述,包含印度解釋顯密教理的論典,以及因明、聲明、醫方明、工巧明等各學門知識。

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《丹珠爾》目錄

譯典精選

The Kangyur
Toh 358

The Exemplary Tale of Śārdūlakarṇa

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The Kangyur
Toh 862

The Essence Dhāraṇī of the Tathāgata Bhaiṣajya­guru

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Old Tantras

Seventeen works representing a small selection of the many “inner” class tantras of the Ngagyur Nyingma (“earlier translation”) tradition.
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Chinese (Traditional)

Texts on Other Buddhas

Learn about other Buddhas and their teachings through our selected texts. These scriptures expand your understanding of the broader Buddhist tradition, highlighting the diverse paths and wisdom of various enlightened beings.

Toh 44-31
Chapter
31
235
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
The Ten Bhūmis
[No Sanskrit title]
Daśabhūmika
|
[No Tibetan title]
ས་བཅུ་པ།

After his attainment of buddhahood, the Buddha Śākyamuni is present in many locations simultaneously. The Ten Bhūmis takes place two weeks after his enlightenment, while he is sitting silently in meditation in the central palace in the highest paradise of the desire realm. Countless bodhisattvas have assembled there. Through the power of the Buddha, the bodhisattva Vajra­garbha enters samādhi and is blessed by countless buddhas, also named Vajra­garbha, to give a Dharma teaching to the bodhisattvas. In response to the questions of the bodhisattva Vimukti­candra, Vajra­garbha describes successively the ten bhūmis of a bodhisattva. Countless bodhisattvas arrive and report that this same event is occurring simultaneously in the highest paradises of all other worlds. The Buddha is pleased by Vajra­garbha’s teaching.

By:
Theme:
The Buddha's Life
Texts on Other Buddhas
Sūtras for Beginners
Read Text
Toh 44-45
Chapter
45
968
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
The Stem Array
[No Sanskrit title]
Gaṇḍa­vyūha
|
[No Tibetan title]
སྡོང་པོས་བརྒྱན་པ།

In this lengthy final chapter of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra, while the Buddha Śākyamuni is in meditation in Śrāvastī, Mañjuśrī leaves for South India, where he meets the young layman Sudhana and instructs him to go to a certain kalyāṇamitra or “good friend,” who then directs Sudhana to another such friend. In this way, Sudhana successively meets and receives teachings from fifty male and female, child and adult, human and divine, and monastic and lay kalyāṇamitras, including night goddesses surrounding the Buddha and the Buddha’s wife and mother. The final three in the succession of kalyāṇamitras are the three bodhisattvas Maitreya, Mañjuśrī, and Samanta­bhadra. Samanta­bhadra’s recitation of the Samanta­bhadra­caryā­praṇidhāna (“The Prayer for Completely Good Conduct”) concludes the sūtra.

By:
Theme:
Sūtras About Women
Texts on Other Buddhas
Texts for Recitation
Read Text
Toh 47
Chapter
207
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
Heap of Jewels
The Secrets of the Realized Ones
[No Sanskrit title]
Tathāgataguhya
|
[No Tibetan title]
དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་གསང་བ།

In this sūtra, the narrative largely revolves around the figures of Vajrapāṇi, the yakṣa lord and constant companion of the Buddha, and the Buddha himself. In the first half of the sūtra, Vajrapāṇi gives a series of teachings on the mysteries or secrets of the body, speech, and mind of bodhisattvas and the realized ones. In the second half of the sūtra, Vajrapāṇi describes several events in the Buddha’s life: his practice of severe asceticism, his approach to the seat of awakening, his defeat of Māra, his awakening, and his turning of the wheel of Dharma. Following this, the Buddha gives a prediction of Vajrapāṇi’s future awakening as a buddha and travels to Vajrapāṇi’s abode for a meal. Interspersed throughout the sūtra are sermons, dialogues, and marvelous tales exploring a large number of topics and featuring an extensive cast of characters, including several narratives about past lives of Vajrapāṇi, Brahmā Sahāṃpati, and the Buddha himself. The sūtra concludes with the performance of two long dhāraṇīs, one by Vajrapāṇi and one by the Buddha, for the protection and preservation of the Dharma.

‍

By:
Theme:
Sūtras About Death
Buddha Nature Sūtras
The Buddha's Life
Sūtras about Karma
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 78
Chapter
11
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
Heap of Jewels
The Questions of Guṇaratnasaṅkusumita
[No Sanskrit title]
Guṇa­ratna­saṅkusumita­paripṛcchā
|
[No Tibetan title]
ཡོན་ཏན་རིན་ཆེན་མེ་ཏོག་ཀུན་ཏུ་རྒྱས་པས་ཞུས་པ།

In The Questions of Guṇaratnasaṅkusumita, the sūtra’s interlocutor, Guṇaratnasaṅkusumita, asks the Buddha Śākyamuni whether there might be other buddhas in other realms whose names carry the power to produce awakening. The Buddha responds that there are, in fact, buddhas whose names are so efficacious that simply by remembering them, the disciple will be awakened. The Buddha then names the buddhas of the ten directions, their worlds and eons, and the specific effects that knowing each of their names will have on disciples with faith.

By:
Theme:
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 94
Chapter
678
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Good Eon
[No Sanskrit title]
Bhadra­kalpika
|
[No Tibetan title]
བསྐལ་པ་བཟང་པོ།

While resting in a park outside the city of Vaiśālī, the Buddha is approached by the bodhisattva Prāmodyarāja, who requests meditation instruction. The Buddha proceeds to give a teaching on a meditative absorption called elucidating the way of all phenomena and subsequently delivers an elaborate discourse on the six perfections. Prāmodyarāja then learns that all the future buddhas of the Good Eon are now present in the Blessed One’s audience of bodhisattvas. Responding to Prāmodyarāja’s request to reveal the names under which these present bodhisattvas will be known as buddhas in the future, the Buddha first lists these names, and then goes on to describe the circumstances surrounding their birth, awakening, and teaching in the world. In the sūtra’s final section, we learn how each of these great bodhisattvas who are on the path to buddhahood first developed the mind of awakening.

By:
Theme:
Texts on Other Buddhas
The Buddha's Life
Texts for Recitation
Read Text
Toh 112
Chapter
335
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The White Lotus of Compassion
[No Sanskrit title]
Karuṇā­puṇḍarīka
|
[No Tibetan title]
སྙིང་རྗེ་པད་མ་དཀར་པོ།

The Buddha Śākyamuni recounts one of his most significant previous lives, when he was a court priest to a king and made a detailed prayer to become a buddha, also causing the king and his princes, his own sons and disciples, and others to make their own prayers to become buddhas too. This is revealed to be not only the major event that is the origin of buddhas and bodhisattvas such as Amitābha, Akṣobhya, Avalokiteśvara, Mañjuśrī, and the thousand buddhas of our eon, but also the source and reason for Śākyamuni’s unsurpassed activity as a buddha.The “white lotus of compassion” in the title of this sūtra refers to Śākyamuni himself, emphasizing his superiority over all other buddhas, like a fragrant, healing white lotus among a bed of ordinary flowers. Śākyamuni chose to be reborn in an impure realm during a degenerate age, and therefore his compassion was greater than that of other buddhas.

By:
Theme:
Texts on Other Buddhas
The Buddha's Life
Read Text
Toh 115
Chapter
10
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Display of the Pure Land of Sukhāvatī
[No Sanskrit title]
Sukhāvatī­vyūha
|
[No Tibetan title]
བདེ་བ་ཅན་གྱི་བཀོད་པ།

In the Jeta Grove of Śrāvastī, the Buddha Śākyamuni, surrounded by a large audience, presents to his disciple Śāriputra a detailed description of the realm of Sukhāvatī, a delightful, enlightened abode, free of suffering. Its inhabitants are described as mature beings in an environment where everything enhances their spiritual inclinations. The principal buddha of Sukhāvatī is addressed as Amitāyus (Limitless Life) as well as Amitābha (Limitless Light).

By:
Theme:
Quick Reads
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 116
Chapter
96
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Basket’s Display
[No Sanskrit title]
Kāraṇḍa­vyūha
|
[No Tibetan title]
ཟ་མ་ཏོག་བཀོད་པ།

The Basket’s Display (Kāraṇḍavyūha) is the source of the most prevalent mantra of Tibetan Buddhism: oṁ maṇipadme hūṁ. It marks a significant stage in the growing importance of Avalokiteśvara within Indian Buddhism in the early centuries of the first millennium. In a series of narratives within narratives, the sūtra describes Avalokiteśvara’s activities in various realms and the realms contained within the pores of his skin. It culminates in a description of the extreme rarity of his mantra, which, on the Buddha’s instructions, Bodhisattva Sarva­nīvaraṇa­viṣkambhin obtains from someone in Vārāṇasī who has broken his monastic vows. This sūtra provided a basis and source of quotations for the teachings and practices of the eleventh-century Maṇi Kabum, which itself served as a foundation for the rich tradition of Tibetan Avalokiteśvara practice.

By:
Theme:
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 130
Chapter
41
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Illusory Absorption
[No Sanskrit title]
Māyopama­samādhi
|
[No Tibetan title]
སྒྱུ་མ་ལྟ་བུའི་ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན།

In this sūtra Buddha Śākyamuni explains how to attain the absorption known as “the illusory absorption,” a meditative state so powerful that it enables awakening to be attained very quickly. He also teaches that this absorption has been mastered particularly well by two bodhisattvas, Avalokiteśvara and Mahā­sthāmaprāpta, who live in Sukhāvatī, the distant realm of Buddha Amitābha. Buddha Śākyamuni summons these two bodhisattvas to this world and, when they arrive, recounts the story of how they first engendered the mind of awakening. Finally the Buddha reveals the circumstances surrounding the future awakening of Avalokiteśvara and Mahā­sthāmaprāpta.

By:
Theme:
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 199
Chapter
14
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Sūtra on Maitreya’s Birth in the Heaven of Joy
[No Sanskrit title]
|
[No Tibetan title]
བྱམས་པ་དགའ་ལྡན་གནམ་དུ་སྐྱེ་བ་བླངས་པའི་མདོ།

This discourse takes place during the early evening in Śrāvastī and features the Buddha and his retinue. Among them are Maitreya (then known as Ajita) and Upāli, who asks about Ajita’s future awakening as Maitreya. The Buddha answers that he will be reborn in the Heaven of Joy. He proceeds to describe its wondrous qualities and the causes of being reborn there. At the conclusion of the discourse, all those present in the retinue rejoice and make aspirations to be reborn in the Heaven of Joy.

By:
Theme:
Quick Reads
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 216
Chapter
115
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
Eliminating Ajātaśatru’s Remorse
[No Sanskrit title]
Cittagarbhārthatantra
|
[No Tibetan title]
མ་སྐྱེས་དགྲའི་འགྱོད་པ་བསལ་བ།

Eliminating Ajātaśatru’s Remorse narrates how the teachings of the bodhisattva Mañjuśrī help King Ajātaśatru overcome the severe negative action of having killed his father, King Bimbisāra. Through instruction, pointed questioning, and a display of miracles, Mañjuśrī and his retinue of bodhisattvas show King Ajātaśatru that the remorse he feels for his crime is in fact unreal, just as all phenomena are unreal. The sūtra thus demonstrates Mañjuśrī’s superiority in wisdom and the profound purification that comes from realizing emptiness.

‍

By:
Theme:
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 229
Chapter
79
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
Discussions of Thus-Gone Ones
[No Sanskrit title]
Pañcaśatikāprajñāpāramitā
|
[No Tibetan title]
དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ་བགྲོ་བ།

Discussions of Thus-Gone Ones begins in the Jeta Grove as the Buddha Śākyamuni emerges from a three-month-long meditative absorption. It is revealed that while he was absorbed in this meditative state, he was actually having conversations with many other buddhas across many worlds, discussing the essential nature of all phenomena. The bulk of the text, then, consists of the Buddha Śākyamuni relaying these conversations and responding to the questions of various audience members. From these exchanges we learn that all things, ranging from ordinary flowers up to the awakening of the buddhas themselves, share a nonconceptual, ineffable basis.

By:
Theme:
The Buddha's Life
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 247
Chapter
8
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful
[No Sanskrit title]
Cundādevī­dhāraṇī
|
[No Tibetan title]
ཆོས་དང་དོན་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད་པ།

There are two main themes in Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful. One is in the narrative structure: The Buddha Śākyamuni tells how, countless eons ago, in a world called Flower Origin, a buddha named Arisen from Flowers gave instructions to a royal family, and prophesied the awakening of the prince Ratnākara. Arisen from Flowers, the Buddha Śākyamuni then relates, has since become the buddha Amitābha, and the prince Ratnākara the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. The other theme is doctrinal, and lies in the content of the teaching given by Arisen from Flowers: it explains the four mistakes made by ordinary beings in the way they perceive the five aggregates, and how bodhisattvas teach them how to clear away these misconceptions, so that they may be free of the sufferings that result.

By:
Theme:
Quick Reads
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 257
Chapter
309
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Quintessence of the Sun
[No Sanskrit title]
Sūryasūtra
|
[No Tibetan title]
ཉི་མའི་སྙིང་པོ།

The Quintessence of the Sun is a long and heterogeneous sūtra in eleven chapters. At the Veṇuvana in the Kalandakanivāpa on the outskirts of Rājagṛha, the Buddha Śākyamuni first explains to a great assembly the severe consequences of stealing what has been offered to monks and the importance of protecting those who abide by the Dharma. The next section tells of bodhisattvas sent from buddha realms in the four directions to bring various dhāraṇīs as a way of protecting and benefitting this world. While explaining those dhāraṇīs, the Buddha Śākyamuni presents various meditations on repulsiveness and instructions on the empty nature of phenomena. On the basis of another long narrative involving Māra and groups of nāgas, detailed teachings on astrology are also introduced, as are a number of additional dhāraṇīs and a list of sacred locations blessed by the presence of holy beings.

‍

By:
Theme:
Sūtras about Karma
Texts on Other Buddhas
Read Text
Toh 266
Chapter
63
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
Bouquet of Flowers
[No Sanskrit title]
Daśadigandha­kāravidhvaṃsana
|
[No Tibetan title]
མེ་ཏོག་གི་ཚོགས།

Bouquet of Flowers is a Great Vehicle sūtra in which the Buddha describes a vast array of wondrous, far-off world systems each inhabited by buddhas who teach the Dharma there. Hearing those buddhas’ names, the Buddha teaches, brings a wide range of benefits, all of which are ultimately directed toward attaining unexcelled, perfect and complete awakening. In this sūtra, the Buddha’s main interlocutor is Śāriputra, but he also interacts with Ajita and Mahākāśyapa.

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Toh 267
Chapter
9
Pages
The Kangyur
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General Sūtra Section
Calling Witness with a Hundred Prostrations
[No Sanskrit title]
[no Sanskrit title]
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[No Tibetan title]
དཔང་སྐོང་ཕྱག་བརྒྱ་པ།

Calling Witness with a Hundred Prostrations is widely known as the first sūtra to arrive in Tibet, long before Tibet became a Buddhist nation, during the reign of the Tibetan king Lha Thothori Nyentsen. Written to be recited for personal practice, it opens with one hundred and eight prostrations and praises to the many buddhas of the ten directions and three times, to the twelve categories of scripture contained in the Tripiṭaka, to the bodhisattvas of the ten directions, and to the arhat disciples of the Buddha. After making offerings to them, confessing and purifying nonvirtue, and making the aspiration to perform virtuous actions in every life, the text includes recitations of the vows of refuge in the Three Jewels, and of generating the thought of enlightenment. The text concludes with a passage rejoicing in the virtues of the holy ones, a request for the buddhas to bestow a prophecy to achieve enlightenment, and the aspiration to pass from this life in a state of pure Dharma.

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Toh 268
Chapter
4
Pages
The Kangyur
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General Sūtra Section
The Sūtra of King of the Inconceivable
[No Sanskrit title]
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[No Tibetan title]
བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོའི་མདོ།

While the Buddha is staying in the kingdom of Magadha with an assembly of countless bodhisattvas, the bodhisattva King of the Inconceivable gives a teaching on the relativity of time between different buddhafields. Eleven buddhafields are enumerated, with an eon in the first being equivalent to a day in the following buddhafield, where an eon is, in turn, the equivalent of a day in the next, and so forth.

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Toh 269
Chapter
13
Pages
The Kangyur
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General Sūtra Section
Dispelling the Darkness of the Ten Directions
[No Sanskrit title]
Vinayottaragrantha
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[No Tibetan title]
ཕྱོགས་བཅུའི་མུན་པ་རྣམ་པར་སེལ་བ།

As the Buddha approaches Kapilavastu, he is met by the Śākya youth Shining Countenance setting out from the city in his chariot. Shining Countenance requests the Buddha to teach him a rite of protection from harm, and the Buddha describes ten buddhas, each dwelling in a distant world system in one of the ten directions. When departing from the city in one of the directions, he explains, keeping the respective buddha in mind will ensure freedom from fear and harm while traveling and success in the journey’s purpose. After receiving this teaching, Shining Countenance and the others in the assembly are able to see those ten buddhas and their realms directly before them, and the Buddha prophesies their eventual awakening. The Buddha further explains that to read, teach, write down, and keep this sūtra will bring protection to all; it is consequently often chanted at the beginning of undertakings, especially travel, to overcome obstacles and bring success.

‍

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Toh 270 / 512 / 852
Chapter
9
Pages
The Kangyur
Discourses
General Sūtra Section
The Seven Buddhas
[No Sanskrit title]
Sūryagarbha­prajñā­pāramitā
|
[No Tibetan title]
སངས་རྒྱས་བདུན་པ།

The Seven Buddhas opens with the Buddha Śākyamuni residing in an alpine forest on Mount Kailāsa with a saṅgha of monks and bodhisattvas. The Buddha notices that a monk in the forest has been possessed by a spirit, which prompts the bodhisattva Ākāśagarbha to request that the Buddha teach a spell to cure diseases and exorcise demonic spirits. The Buddha then emanates as the set of “seven successive buddhas,” each of whom transmits a dhāraṇī to Ākāśagarbha. Each of the seven buddhas then provides ritual instructions for using the dhāraṇī.

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Toh 271
Chapter
8
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The Kangyur
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General Sūtra Section
The Eight Buddhas
[No Sanskrit title]
Dhvajāgramahāsūtra
|
[No Tibetan title]
སངས་རྒྱས་བརྒྱད་པ།

While the Buddha is dwelling together with a great saṅgha of monks in Śrāvastī, at the garden of Anāthapiṇḍada in the Jeta Grove, the whole universe suddenly begins to shake. The sounds of innumerable cymbals are heard without their being played, and flowers fall, covering the entire Jeta Grove. The world becomes filled with golden light and golden lotuses appear, each lotus supporting a lion throne upon which appears the shining form of a buddha. Venerable Śāriputra arises from his seat, pays homage, and asks the Buddha about the causes and conditions for these thus-gone ones to appear. The Buddha then proceeds to describe in detail these buddhas, as well as their various realms and how beings can take birth in them.

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Toh 273 / 511 / 853
Chapter
8
Pages
The Kangyur
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General Sūtra Section
The Twelve Buddhas
[No Sanskrit title]
Daśa­sāhasrikā­prajñā­pāramitā
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[No Tibetan title]
སངས་རྒྱས་བཅུ་གཉིས་པ།

The Twelve Buddhas opens at Rājagṛha with a dialogue between the Buddha Śākyamuni and the bodhisattva Maitreya about the eastern buddhafield of a buddha whose abbreviated name is King of Jewels. This buddha prophesies that when he passes into complete nirvāṇa, the bodhisattva Incomparable will take his place as a buddha whose abbreviated name is Victory Banner King. Śākyamuni then provides the names of the remaining ten tathāgatas, locating them in the ten directions surrounding Victory Banner King’s buddhafield Full of Pearls. After listing the full set of names of these twelve buddhas and their directional relationship to Victory Banner King, the Buddha Śākyamuni provides an accompanying mantra-dhāraṇī and closes with a set of thirty-seven verses outlining the benefits of remembering the names of these buddhas.

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Toh 278
Chapter
5
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The Eight Auspicious Ones
[No Sanskrit title]
Dvādaśa­buddhaka
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[No Tibetan title]
བཀྲ་ཤིས་བརྒྱད་པ།

While the Buddha is dwelling in Vaiśālī at Āmrapālī’s grove, a Licchavi youth named Superior Skill requests him to reveal those buddhas presently dwelling in fulfillment of their former aspirations, such that venerating them and remembering their names can dispel fear and harm. The Buddha responds by listing the names of eight buddhas and the names of their buddha realms. He instructs Superior Skill to remember these buddhas’ names and to contemplate them regularly to develop their good qualities himself and ensure success before beginning any activity. After Superior Skill departs, Śakra, lord of the gods, declares that he has taken up this practice as well. The Buddha exhorts Śakra to proclaim this discourse before engaging in battles with the asuras to ensure his victory, and then enumerates the good qualities of those who proclaim this discourse.

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Toh 504
Chapter
20
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Action Tantras
The Detailed Account of the Previous Aspirations of the Blessed Bhaiṣajya­guru­vaiḍūrya­prabha
[No Sanskrit title]
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[No Tibetan title]
བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་སྨན་གྱི་བླ་བཻ་ཌུརྱའི་འོད་གྱི་སྨོན་ལམ་གྱི་ཁྱད་པར་རྒྱས་པ།
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848
Chapter
4
Pages
The Kangyur
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The Dhāraṇī of the Tathāgata Jñānolka
[No Sanskrit title]
Amoghapāśahṛdayasūtra
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[No Tibetan title]
ཡེ་ཤེས་ཏ་ལ་ལའི་གཟུངས།
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The Dhāraṇī “Essence of Immeasurable Longevity and Wisdom”
[No Sanskrit title]
Caturyoginīsampuṭatantra
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[No Tibetan title]
ཚེ་དང་ཡེ་ཤེས་དཔག་ཏུ་མེད་པའི་སྙིང་པོའི་གཟུངས།
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Chapter
1
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The Dhāraṇī Praising the Qualities of the Immeasurable One
[No Sanskrit title]
[no Sanskrit title]
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[No Tibetan title]
ཡོན་ཏན་བསྔགས་པ་དཔག་ཏུ་མེད་པའི་གཟུངས།
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Chapter
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In Praise of the Glorious Goddess Sarasvatī
[No Sanskrit title]
Sarvarogapraśamanī dhāraṇī
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[No Tibetan title]
དཔལ་ལྷ་མོ་སྒྲ་དབྱངས་ལ་བསྟོད་པ།
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