This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are listed as either six or ten.

See “six perfections” and “ten perfections.”

A set of practices to be completely mastered (until one reaches their “other shore”) for those on the bodhisattva path. They are listed as either six or ten.

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” Here listed as six: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, meditation, and insight.

The trainings of the bodhisatva path. The five perfections are generosity (dāna), morality (śīla), patient acceptance (kṣānti), vigor (vīrya), meditation (dhyāna). When listed as six, wisdom (prajñā) is included.

The term is used to define the actions of a bodhisattva. Because these actions, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach full awakening, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “gone across to the other side.”

To have transcended or crossed to the other side; typically refers to the practices of the bodhisattvas, which are embraced with knowledge.

A set of practices to be completely mastered (until one reaches their “other shore”) for those on the bodhisattva path. They are listed as either six or ten.

Most of the time this term refers to any of the six perfections‍—generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight.

Typically refers to the practices of the bodhisattvas, which are embraced with knowledge. The six perfections are generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and wisdom.

The trainings of the bodhisattvas, typically understood as the six trainings in generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and knowledge.

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” Most commonly listed as six: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight. They are also often listed as ten by adding: skillful means, prayer, strength, and knowledge.

See “six perfections.”

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” Most commonly listed as six: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight.

To have transcended or crossed to the other side; typically refers to one or more of the six practices of bodhisattvas: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, meditative concentration, and wisdom.

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are usually listed as six: generosity, correct conduct (or discipline), patience, diligence, meditation (or concentration), and wisdom; four additional perfections are often added to this, totalling ten perfections: skillful methods, prayer, strength, and knowledge.

See “six perfections.”

Literally “to have crossed over” or “transcended”; typically this refers to the specific practices of the bodhisattva that are motivated by bodhicitta and embraced by wisdom.

The six or more perfections, starting from generosity (dāna), constitute the conduct of a bodhisattva.

The six perfections of generosity, conduct, patience, diligence, meditation, and wisdom.

The six perfections of generosity, conduct, patience, diligence, meditation, and wisdom.

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are listed as either six or ten. For an explanation of the term given in this text, see UT23703-093-001-20637.

See “six perfections.”

See “six perfections.”

The six perfections of generosity, conduct, patience, diligence, dhyāna, and wisdom.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path. The Perfection of Wisdom sūtras, which were composed earlier than The Ten Bhūmis, teach just six perfections: generosity, correct conduct, patience, diligence, meditation, and wisdom. The Ten Bhūmis, however, in accord with A Multitude of Buddhas’ emphasis on groups of ten, and in correlation with the ten bhūmis, contains the first appearance in Mahāyāna texts of the ten perfections, adding the four perfections of skillful method, prayer, strength, and knowledge.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and knowledge.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path. The five perfections are generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, and concentration. When listed as six, insight is included.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path. Most commonly listed as six: generosity, moral conduct, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight.

The six perfections of generosity, conduct, patience, diligence, meditation, and wisdom.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight.

Also translated as “transcendences.” The term is used to define the actions of a bodhisattva. The six perfections are: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration and wisdom.

See “six perfections.”

Generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, meditative concentration, and insight.

See “six perfections.”

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are listed as either six or ten.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight.

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are usually listed as six: generosity, correct conduct (or discipline), patience, diligence, meditation (or concentration), and wisdom; four additional perfections are often added to this, totalling ten perfections: skillful methods, prayer, strength, and knowledge.

For a presentation of each one according to the view of this sūtra, see UT22084-089-012-1077–UT22084-089-012-1129

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are usually listed as six: generosity, correct conduct (or discipline), patience, diligence, meditation (or concentration), and wisdom; four additional perfections are often added to this, totalling ten perfections: skillful methods, prayer, strength, and knowledge.

For a presentation of each one according to the view of this sūtra, see UT22084-089-012-1077–UT22084-089-012-1129.

This term is used to refer to the main trainings of a bodhisattva. Because these trainings, when brought to perfection, lead one to transcend saṃsāra and reach the full awakening of a buddha, they receive the Sanskrit name pāramitā, meaning “perfection” or “gone to the farther shore.” They are usually listed as six: generosity, correct conduct (or discipline), patience, diligence, meditation (or concentration), and wisdom; four additional perfections are often added to this, totalling ten perfections: skillful methods, prayer, strength, and knowledge.

As a set of six perfections, they are generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight. As set of ten, a further four are added to the previous six: means, power, aspiration, and wisdom.

The trainings of the bodhisattva path. Most commonly listed as six: generosity, moral conduct, patience, diligence, concentration, and insight. Sometimes, such as in this text, an additional four are added: method, aspiration, strength, and wisdom.

The ten perfections are generosity (Skt. dāna, Tib. sbyin pa), discipline (Skt. śīla, Tib. tshul khrims), patience (Skt. kṣānti, Tib. bzod pa), diligence (Skt. vīrya, Tib. brtson ’grus), concentration (Skt. dhyāna, Tib. bsam gtan), insight (Skt. prajñā, Tib. shes rab), skillful means (upāyakauśala, Tib. thabs la mkhas pa), might (Skt. bala, Tib. stobs), aspiration (Skt. praṇidhāna, Tib. smon lam), and wisdom (Skt. jñāna, Tib. ye shes).