- མཚན་མཆོག་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- མཚན།
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་མཚན།
- སྐྱེ་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན།
- sum cu rtsa gnyis mtshan
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- mtshan
- skye bu chen po'i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- mtshan mchog sum cu rtsa gnyis
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan
- dvātriṃśallakṣaṇa
- dvātriṃśadvaralakṣaṇa
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
- dvātriṃśatīlakṣaṇa
- lakṣaṇa
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇāni
- dvātriṃśamahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
- mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣana
- dvātriṃśallakṣana
- dvātriṃśan mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇāni
- dvātriṃśalakṣaṇa
- Term
- thirty-two marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
Thirty-two of the hundred and twelve identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, in addition to the so-called “eighty minor marks.” These can be found listed in UT22084-046-001-474.
- thirty-two marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
Thirty-two of the hundred and twelve identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, in addition to the so-called “eighty minor marks.”
- thirty-two marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśamahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
The main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, to which are added the eighty excellent signs.
- thirty-two marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇāni
The main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, to which are added the so-called “eighty minor marks.”
- thirty-two marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
The main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, to which are added the eighty sublime characteristics.
- thirty-two marks
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་མཚན།
- sum cu rtsa gnyis mtshan
- dvātriṃśallakṣaṇa
The thirty-two marks manifested by a “great being” (mahāpuruṣa). As “great beings,” all buddhas are said to display them.
- thirty-two marks
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
These are the major physical marks that identify the buddha body of emanation and which, in some sources and traditions, portend the advent of a universal monarch. As well as being listed in this and other Prajñāpāramitā sūtras (see The Transcendent Perfection of Wisdom in Ten Thousand Lines [Toh 11], 2.16 and 29.24), they are to be found detailed in the Lalitavistara (see The Play in Full (Toh 95), 7.99 and 26.145–73), Mahāyānopadeśa (Toh 169), Ratnagotravibhāgottaratantraśāstra (Toh 4024, 3.17–25), Mahāvastu, and in the Pali Lakkhaṇasutta.
- thirty-two marks
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་མཚན།
- sum cu rtsa gnyis mtshan
See “thirty-two marks of a great being.”
- thirty-two marks
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་མཚན།
- sum cu rtsa gnyis mtshan
- dvātriṃśallakṣaṇa
The thirty-two characteristics of a great being, including the uṣṇīṣa, or head mound, and the long tongue.
- thirty-two signs
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་མཚན།
- མཚན།
- sum cu rtsa gnyis mtshan
- mtshan
- dvātriṃśatīlakṣaṇa
- lakṣaṇa
The thirty-two characteristics of a great being (mahāpuruṣa; skyes bu chen po), including the uṣṇīṣa, or head mound, and the long tongue.
- thirty-two signs
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśan mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇāni
The distinctive physical attributes of the Buddha. These are the “signs of a great man” (Skt. mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa, Tib. skye bu chen po’i mtshan bzang) that, following Indian tradition, characterize cakravartin kings (world sovereigns) as well as buddhas. For a descriptive list, see Dharmachakra (2013), 26.145-173.
- thirty-two signs
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་མཚན།
- sum cu rtsa gnyis mtshan
- dvātriṃśadvaralakṣaṇa
- 三十二相
These are the thirty-two major physical of marks of a great being, namely a buddha or a universal monarch. These are complemented by eighty minor features.
These can be found listed, for example, in Prajñāpāramitā sūtras (see Toh 9, Toh 10 and Toh 11) or in the The Play in Full (Toh 95) and many other sūtras.
- thirty-two signs
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
These are the thirty-two major physical of marks of a great being, namely a buddha or a universal monarch. These are complemented by eighty features.
- thirty-two major marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa AD
The thirty-two major physical attributes that distinguish a buddha or a universal monarch (cakravartin).
- thirty-two major marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇāni
The thirty-two major signs of a buddha that manifest as specific physical attributes to indicate the perfection of the awakened state of buddhahood.
- thirty-two major marks of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
The thirty-two marks manifested by a “great being” (mahāpuruṣa), these are the main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, to which are added the eighty sublime characteristics.
- thirty-two marks of a great person
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
The main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, to which are added the so-called “eighty minor marks.”
- thirty-two marks of a great person
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
The set of thirty-two physical marks that identify both a buddha and a universal monarch (cakravartin); in the case of the former they indicate the perfection of the awakened state of buddhahood.
- thirty-two marks of a great person
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
Thirty-two of the 112 identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal emperors, in addition to the eighty minor marks.
- Thirty-two signs of a great being
- སྐྱེ་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skye bu chen po'i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa AD
- thirty-two signs of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
Thirty-two of the 112 identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and cakravartins, in addition to the eighty excellent signs. There are significant variations found in this list from source to source. See UT22084-060-001-74.
- thirty-two signs of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
Thirty-two of the 112 identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and cakravartins, in addition to the “eighty excellent signs.” There are significant variations found in this list depending on the source.
- thirty-two supreme marks
- མཚན་མཆོག་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan mchog sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
These are thirty-two physical characteristics of a “great person.”
- thirty-two supreme marks
- མཚན་མཆོག་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan mchog sum cu rtsa gnyis
See “thirty-two marks of a great being.”
- thirty-two supreme marks
- མཚན་མཆོག་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan mchog sum cu rtsa gnyis
The main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs.
- thirty-two major marks
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśadvaralakṣaṇa
- 三十二相
A series of identifying physical features characteristic of a great being (Skt. mahāpuruṣa), exemplified by a buddha or cakravartin king.
- thirty-two major marks
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
These are the major physical marks that identify the buddha body of emanation and which also, in some sources and traditions, portend the advent of a universal monarch.
- thirty-two major marks of a great person
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
These are the major physical marks that identify the buddha form body and which also portend the advent of a wheel-turning emperor. As well as being listed in this and other Prajñāpāramitā sūtras (see UT22084-026-001-5836 here in the Twenty-Five Thousand; the One Hundred Thousand, chapter 63; the Eighteen Thousand, UT22084-029-001-5641; and the Ten Thousand, UT22084-031-002-270), they are also found detailed in the Play in Full (Lalitavistara), UT22084-046-001-474–UT22084-046-001-479 and UT22084-046-001-2206–UT22084-046-001-2234; Mahāyānopadeśa ; Ratnagotravibhāgottaratantraśāstra, 3.17–25; Mahāvastu; and in the Pali Lakkhaṇasutta.
- thirty-two major marks of a great person
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
For their enumeration in this text, see UT22084-029-001-5641.
- mark of a great person
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan
- mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
See “thirty-two characteristics of a great being.”
- thirty-two characteristics of a great being
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣana AS
The main identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and kings of the entire world (cakravartins), to which are added the “eighty minor marks.”
- thirty-two excellent marks
- སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོའི་མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- skyes bu chen po’i mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇāni
Thirty-two of the 112 identifying physical characteristics of both buddhas and universal monarchs, in addition to the so-called “eighty minor marks.” For a detailed list see Berzin (2012).
- thirty-two signs of a superior being
- མཚན་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
- mtshan sum cu rtsa gnyis
- dvātriṃśamahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa
The thirty-two major signs of a buddha that manifest as specific physical attributes to indicate the perfection of the awakened state of buddhahood.