The Chapter on the Restoration Rite
Glossary
Toh 1-2
Degé Kangyur, vol. 1 (’dul ba, ka), folios 131.a–221.b
Imprint
First published 2024
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Table of Contents
Summary
The Chapter on the Restoration Rite is the second of The Chapters on Monastic Discipline’s seventeen chapters. In it, the Buddha describes a seated yoga, formal protocols, and a rite of restoration that can be observed on the upavasatha (or poṣadha) holiday. After explaining how monks should practice seated yoga, the Buddha consents first to the building of small clusters of meditation residences and later to gradually larger settlements that come to include multistoried meditation halls with scented shrine rooms and rooftop verandas. This chapter also explains how all monks at a monastery must gather fortnightly in the hall or in a place that has been specially demarcated for such purposes within the monastery site’s larger boundary. There, they observe the poṣadha or “restoration rite” by listening to The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and making the appropriate amends for their offenses.
The present chapter together with The Chapter on Lifting Restrictions and The Chapter on the Rains present the “Three Rites” that are considered central to monastic common living: the Rite of Restoration, the Rite of Lifting Restrictions, and the Rite of Pledging to Settle for the Rains. The regular observance of the “Three Rites” at an officially demarcated monastic site is considered a crucial component in ensuring the integrity of the monastics living there and nearby.
Acknowledgements
This text was translated from Tibetan and checked against the Sanskrit by Robert Miller. Under Dr. Haiyan Hu-von Hinüber’s direction, Maurice Ozaine read a draft of the English translation against Dr. Hu-von Hinüber’s German translation which accompanies her extensive study of the present chapter. Ven. Hejung Seok offered useful comments on the term poṣadha and Pāṇini’s grammar. Matthew Wuethrich served as style and editorial consultant to the translator. Special thanks are due to Dr. Shayne Clarke for the many suggestions and corrections he made to an early draft of the introduction. Thanks also to the 84000 Vinaya team for help in translating key technical terms.
The translation was completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha. Nathaniel Rich and John Canti edited the translation and the introduction, and Ven. Konchog Norbu copyedited the text. Sameer Dhingra was in charge of the digital publication process.
The generous sponsorship of Dakki and Lanita, which helped make the work on this translation possible, is most gratefully acknowledged.
Text Body
The Chapter on the Restoration Rite
Bibliography
Kangyur and Tengyur Sources
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dgag dbye’i gzhi (Pravāraṇāvastu). Toh 1, ch. 3, Degé Kangyur vol. 1 (’dul ba, ka), folios 221.b–237.b.
dbyar gyi gzhi (Varṣāvastu). Toh 1, ch. 4, Degé Kangyur, vol. 1 (’dul ba, ka), folios F.237.b–251.b.
sgra sbyor bam po gnyis pa (Nighaṇṭu) [The Two-Volume Lexicon]. Toh 4347, Degé Tengyur vol. 204 (bstan bcos sna tshogs, co), folios 131.b–160.a.
bye brag tu rtogs par byed pa chen po (Mahāvyutpatti). Toh 4346, Degé Tengyur vol. 204 (sna tshogs, co), folios 1.b–131.a.
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———. ’dul ba mdo’i ’grel pa mngon par brjod pa rang gi rnam par bshad pa zhes bya ba (Vinayasūtravṛttyabhidhānasvavyākhyāna-nāma). Toh 4119, Degé Tengyur vols. 160–61 (’dul ba, zhu–zu): vol. zhu, folios 1.b–278.a; vol. zu, folios 1.b–274.a.
———. ’dul ba’i mdo’i ’grel pa (Vinayasūtravṛtti). Toh 4122, Degé Tengyur vol. 165 (’dul ba, lu), folios 1.a–344.a.
Kalyāṇamitra. ’dul ba gzhi rgya cher ’grel ba (Vinayavastuṭīkā). Toh 4113, Degé Tengyur vol. 156 (’dul ba, tsu), folios 177.b–326.b.
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Vinītadeva. ’dul ba rnam par ’byed pa’i tshig rnam par bshad pa (Vinayavibhaṅgapadavyākhyāna). Toh 4114, Degé Tengyur vol. 157 (’dul ba, tshu), folios 1.b–207.a.
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Glossary
Types of attestation for names and terms of the corresponding source language
Attested in source text
This term is attested in a manuscript used as a source for this translation.
Attested in other text
This term is attested in other manuscripts with a parallel or similar context.
Attested in dictionary
This term is attested in dictionaries matching Tibetan to the corresponding language.
Approximate attestation
The attestation of this name is approximate. It is based on other names where the relationship between the Tibetan and source language is attested in dictionaries or other manuscripts.
Reconstruction from Tibetan phonetic rendering
This term is a reconstruction based on the Tibetan phonetic rendering of the term.
Reconstruction from Tibetan semantic rendering
This term is a reconstruction based on the semantics of the Tibetan translation.
Source unspecified
This term has been supplied from an unspecified source, which most often is a widely trusted dictionary.
accept
- bzod pa
- བཟོད་པ།
- kṣam
act by motion and resolution
- gsol ba dang gnyis kyi las
- གསོལ་བ་དང་གཉིས་ཀྱི་ལས།
- jñāptidvitīyakarman
act by motion and triple resolution
- gsol ba dang bzhi’i las
- གསོལ་བ་དང་བཞིའི་ལས།
- jñāpticaturthakarman
act of motion alone
- gsol ba ’ba’ zhig gi las
- གསོལ་བ་འབའ་ཞིག་གི་ལས།
- *muktikājñāptikarman
agree
- blo mthun par byed pa
- བློ་མཐུན་པར་བྱེད་པ།
- saṃman
apprentice
- nye gnas
- ཉེ་གནས།
- antevāsika
attendant
- bsnyen bkur
- བསྙེན་བཀུར།
- upasthāyaka
Bamboo Grove
- ’od ma’i tshal
- འོད་མའི་ཚལ།
- veṇuvana
bar
- phred gtan
- ཕྲེད་གཏན།
- argala
be at ease
- bde ba la reg par gnas pa
- བདེ་བ་ལ་རེག་པར་གནས་པ།
- sukhasparśaviharaṇa
boarding monk
- gnas pa
- གནས་པ།
- āvāsiko bhikṣuḥ
boundary
- mtshams
- མཚམས།
- sīmā
breach
- ’gal tshab
- འགལ་ཚབ།
- atisāra
brigand
- phyir rgol ba
- ཕྱིར་རྒོལ་བ།
- pratyarthika
caretaker
- bstabs pa
- བསྟབས་པ།
- parihāra
claimed
- zin pa
- ཟིན་པ།
- —
communicated through the headings
- thos pas sgrogs pa
- ཐོས་པས་སྒྲོགས་པ།
- śrutena śrāvayanti
confessable offense
- so sor bshags pa
- སོ་སོར་བཤགས་པ།
- pratideśanīya
confessor
- len pa
- ལེན་པ།
- —
consent
- ’dun pa
- འདུན་པ།
- chanda
created
- byas pa
- བྱས་པ།
- —
cross bolt
- gnam gzer
- གནམ་གཟེར།
- sūcaka
daily practice
- nyin mo spyod pa
- ཉིན་མོ་སྤྱོད་པ།
- divāvihāra
dedicated
- yid du ’thad pa
- ཡིད་དུ་འཐད་པ།
- manorama
defeat
- phas pham pa
- ཕས་ཕམ་པ།
- pārājika
denied the common living
- gnas par mi bgyid pa
- གནས་པར་མི་བགྱིད་པ།
- asaṃvāsika
dwelling
- gnas khang
- གནས་ཁང་།
- layana
earshot
- rgyang grags
- རྒྱང་གྲགས།
- krośa
explain patronage
- yon bshad
- ཡོན་བཤད།
- dakṣiṇādeśa
fabricated attempts
- rtog pa’i nyer bsdogs
- རྟོག་པའི་ཉེར་བསྡོགས།
- *vyagrasāmantaka
fabricated preparations
- rtog pa’i yo byad can
- རྟོག་པའི་ཡོ་བྱད་ཅན།
- *vyagrapariṣkāra
fellow brahmacārin
- tshangs pa mtshungs par spyod pa
- ཚངས་པ་མཚུངས་པར་སྤྱོད་པ།
- sabrahmacārin
furlong
- dpag tshad
- དཔག་ཚད།
- yojana
gaṇḍī beam
- gaN+DI
- གཎྜཱི།
- gaṇḍī
gather at the site
- gnas bsdu ba
- གནས་བསྡུ་བ།
- —
global summary
- spyi’i sdom
- སྤྱིའི་སྡོམ།
- piṇḍoddāna
grievous fault
- nyes pa sbom po
- ཉེས་པ་སྦོམ་པོ།
- sthūlātyaya
hall
- khyams
- ཁྱམས།
- prāsāda
hall steps
- khyams
- ཁྱམས།
- pariṣanḍā
holy life
- tshangs par spyod pa
- ཚངས་པར་སྤྱོད་པ།
- brahmacarya
inner circle
- dkyil ’khor
- དཀྱིལ་འཁོར།
- maṇḍalaka
jar
- gdos bu
- གདོས་བུ།
- ghaṭikā
Kalandakanivāpa
- ka lan da ka’i gnas
- ཀ་ལན་ད་ཀའི་གནས།
- kalandakanivāpa
Kapphiṇa
- ka bi na
- ཀ་བི་ན།
- kapphiṇa
key
- lde mig kyog po
- ལྡེ་མིག་ཀྱོག་པོ།
- kuñcikā
key lever
- dbyug gu skam ka
- དབྱུག་གུ་སྐམ་ཀ
- ajapadakadaṇḍakā
lattice
- seg
- སེག
- kiṭaka
lay vow holder
- dge bsnyen
- དགེ་བསྙེན།
- upāsaka
lever
- ’khor gtan
- འཁོར་གཏན།
- cakrikā
- indrakīla
like-minded
- lta ba mthun pa
- ལྟ་བ་མཐུན་པ།
- samānadṛṣṭi
lock
- lde mig
- ལྡེ་མིག
- tāḍaka
make amends
- phyir bya
- ཕྱིར་བྱ།
- prati√kṛ
mat
- par thang
- པར་ཐང་།
- kālakutha
mātṛkā
- ma mo
- ma mo lta bu
- མ་མོ།
- མ་མོ་ལྟ་བུ།
- mātṛkā
matter at hand
- dris pa’i tshig
- དྲིས་པའི་ཚིག
- pṛṣṭavācika
meditation manager
- spong ba’i zhal ta byed pa
- སྤོང་བའི་ཞལ་ཏ་བྱེད་པ།
- prahāṇapratijāgraka
meditation residence
- spong khang
- སྤོང་ཁང་།
- prahāṇaśālā
meditator
- spong ba pa
- སྤོང་བ་པ།
- prahāṇika
misdeed
- nyes byas
- ཉེས་བྱས།
- duṣkṛta
monastery
- gtsug lag khang
- གཙུག་ལག་ཁང་།
- vihāra
monk officiant
- dge slong las byed pa
- དགེ་སློང་ལས་བྱེད་པ།
- karmakāraka bhikṣu
motion
- gsol ba
- གསོལ་བ།
- jñapti
- jñāpti
Mūlasarvāstivāda
- gzhi thams cad yod par smra ba’i sde
- གཞི་ཐམས་ཅདསྨྲ་བའི་སྡེ།
- mūlasarvāstivāda
narrative introduction
- gleng gzhi
- གླེང་གཞི།
- nidāna
natural
- grub pa
- གྲུབ་པ།
- —
offense
- ltung ba
- ལྟུང་བ།
- āpatti
outside the common living
- tha dad du gnas pa
- ཐ་དད་དུ་གནས་པ།
- nānāsaṃvāsika
park
- kun dga’ ra ba
- ཀུན་དགའ་ར་བ།
- ārāma
partition
- gzungs gdab
- གཟུངས་གདབ།
- —
passageway
- srang btod pa
- སྲང་བཏོད་པ།
- suruṅgā
path
- lam
- ལམ།
- mārga
penance
- spo ba
- སྤོ་བ།
- parivāsa
person labeled a paṇḍaka
- ma ning
- མ་ནིང་།
- paṇḍaka
person who has undergone castration
- za ma
- ཟ་མ།
- ṣaṇḍha
(person with) fabricated aims
- rtog pas don du gnyer ba
- རྟོག་པས་དོན་དུ་གཉེར་བ།
- *vyagrārthin
physically communicate
- lus kyi rnam par rig byed kyis
- ལུས་ཀྱི་རྣམ་པར་རིག་བྱེད་ཀྱིས།
- kāyavijñapti
pledged to share a restoration rite site
- gso sbyong gcig pa’i gnas kyi sdom pa
- གསོ་སྦྱོང་གཅིག་པའི་གནས་ཀྱི་སྡོམ་པ།
- —
Prince Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park
- rgyal bu rgyal byed kyi tshal mgon med zas sbyin gyi kun dga’ ra ba
- རྒྱལ་བུ་རྒྱལ་བྱེད་ཀྱི་ཚལ་མགོན་མེད་ཟས་སྦྱིན་གྱི་ཀུན་དགའ་ར་བ།
- jetavanam anāthapiṇḍadasyārāmaḥ
probation
- mgu ba
- མགུ་བ།
- mānapya
professed as ascetics
- dge sbyong du khas che ba rnams
- དགེ་སྦྱོང་དུ་ཁས་ཆེ་བ་རྣམས།
- śramaṇapratijñāḥ
proper
- chos dang ldan pa
- ཆོས་དང་ལྡན་པ།
- dhārmika
properly
- chos bzhin du
- ཆོས་བཞིན་དུ།
- yathādharmam
pure conduct
- tshul khrims
- ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས།
- śīla
purity
- yongs su dag pa
- ཡོངས་སུ་དག་པ།
- pariśuddhi
quorum
- mthun pa
- མཐུན་པ།
- sāmagrī
railing
- kha khyer
- ཁ་ཁྱེར།
- vedikā
Rājagṛha
- rgyal po’i khab
- རྒྱལ་པོའི་ཁབ།
- rājagṛha
recission
- dbyung ba
- དབྱུང་བ།
- āvarhaṇa
repetition
- sbyar ba
- སྦྱར་བ།
- paryāya
residence
- gnas mal
- གནས་མལ།
- śayanāsana
resident monk
- dge slong gnyug mar gnas pa
- དགེ་སློང་གཉུག་མར་གནས་པ།
- naivāsiko bhikṣuḥ
restoration rite
- gso sbyong
- གསོ་སྦྱོང་།
- poṣadha
restoration rite site
- gso sbyong gi gnas
- གསོ་སྦྱོང་གི་གནས།
- poṣadhāmukha
ring of dwellings around the meditation hall
- phyi rol du spong khang chen po
- ཕྱི་རོལ་དུ་སྤོང་ཁང་ཆེན་པོ།
- bahirlayanapaṅkti
ringing staff
- khar sil
- མཁར་སིལ།
- khakkhara
rules of customary conduct
- kun tu spyod pa’i chos
- ཀུན་ཏུ་སྤྱོད་པའི་ཆོས།
- āsamudācāriko dharmaḥ
Saikata
- bye ma skyes
- བྱེ་མ་སྐྱེས།
- saikata
sanction
- byin gyis brlabs te
- བྱིན་གྱིས་བརླབས་ཏེ།
- adhiṣṭhāya
saṅgha remnant
- dge ’dun lhag ma
- དགེ་འདུན་ལྷག་མ།
- saṅghāvaśeṣa
screen
- re lde
- རེ་ལྡེ།
- kiliñca
seated practice
- ’dug pa
- འདུག་པ།
- niṣadyā
Senikā Cave
- sde can ma’i phug
- སྡེ་ཅན་མའི་ཕུག
- senikāguhā
should attend to
- tron bya ba
- ཏྲོན་བྱ་བ།
- pratijāgartavya
shutters
- sgo glegs
- སྒོ་གླེགས།
- kavāṭikā
simple atonement
- ltung ba ’ba’ zhig pa
- ལྟུང་བ་འབའ་ཞིག་པ།
- śuddha-prāyaścittika
site
- gnas
- གནས།
- āvāsa
someone living under false pretenses
- rku thabs su gnas pa
- རྐུ་ཐབས་སུ་གནས་པ།
- steyasaṃvāsika
śrāvaka
- nyan thos
- ཉན་ཐོས།
- śrāvaka
Śrāvastī
- mnyan yod
- མཉན་ཡོད།
- śrāvastī
Sudinna
- bzang byin
- བཟང་བྱིན།
- sudinna
summary
- sdom
- སྡོམ།
- uddāna
support
- gnas
- གནས།
- niśraya
Three Implements
- rgyud chags gsum pa
- རྒྱུད་ཆགས་གསུམ་པ།
- tridaṇḍaka
tīrthika
- mu stegs can
- མུ་སྟེགས་ཅན།
- tīrthika
transgression requiring forfeiture
- spong ba’i ltung byed
- སྤོང་བའི་ལྟུང་བྱེད།
- naiḥsargikā-pātayantika
travel the countryside
- ljongs rgyur ’dong ba
- ལྗོངས་རྒྱུར་འདོང་བ།
- janapadacāra
Upāli
- nye ba ’khor
- ཉེ་བར་འཁོར།
- upāli
upavasatha
- bsnyen gnas
- བསྙེན་གནས།
- upavasatha
verbally communicate
- ngag gi rnam par rig byed kyis
- ངག་གི་རྣམ་པར་རིག་བྱེད་ཀྱིས།
- vāgvijñapti
visiting monk
- dge slong glo bur du ’ongs pa
- དགེ་སློང་གློ་བུར་དུ་འོངས་པ།
- āgantuko bhikṣuḥ
walk
- bcag pa
- བཅག་པ།
- —
wandering mendicant
- kun du rgyu
- ཀུན་དུ་རྒྱུ།
- parivrājaka
ward
- lhan cig gnas pa
- ལྷན་ཅིག་གནས་པ།
- sārdhaṃvihārin
water jug
- ril ba spyi blugs
- རིལ་བ་སྤྱི་བླུགས།
- kuṇḍikā