The Chapter on Going Forth
Glossary
Toh 1-1
Degé Kangyur, vol. 1 (’dul ba, ka), folios 1.a–131.a
- Palgyi Lhünpo
- Sarvajñādeva
- Vidyākaraprabha
- Dharmākara
- Paltsek
Imprint
Translated by Robert Miller and team
under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha
First published 2018
Current version v 1.37.14 (2024)
Generated by 84000 Reading Room v2.25.1
84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha is a global non-profit initiative to translate all the Buddha’s words into modern languages, and to make them available to everyone.
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Table of Contents
Summary
“The Chapter on Going Forth” is the first of seventeen chapters in The Chapters on Monastic Discipline, a four-volume work that outlines the statutes and procedures that govern life in a Buddhist monastic community. This first chapter traces the development of the rite by which postulants were admitted into the monastic order, from the Buddha Śākyamuni’s informal invitation to “Come, monk,” to the more elaborate “Present Day Rite.” Along the way, the posts of preceptor and instructor are introduced, their responsibilities defined, and a dichotomy between elders and immature novices described. While the heart of the chapter is a transcript of the “Present Day Rite,” the text is interwoven with numerous narrative asides, depicting the spiritual ferment of the north Indian region of Magadha during the Buddha’s lifetime, the follies of untrained and unsupervised apprentices, and the need for a formal system of tutelage.
Acknowledgements
This translation was carried out from the Tibetan by Robert Miller with the guidance of Geshé Tséwang Nyima. Ven. Lhundup Damchö (Dr. Diana Finnegan) provided her draft translation of the extant Sanskrit portions of this chapter. Dr. Fumi Yao and Maurice Ozaine kindly identified numerous misspellings and mistakes in the glossaries. Both Ven. Damchö and Dr. Yao generously shared their extensive knowledge of the Mūlasarvāstivādin Vinaya and furnished invaluable assistance in researching the translation. Matthew Wuethrich served as style consultant and editor.
The translation was completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.
The generous sponsorship of Zhou Tian Yu, Chen Yi Qin, Irene Tillman, Archie Kao, and Zhou Xun, which helped make the work on this translation possible, is most gratefully acknowledged.
Text Prelude
Text Body
Colophon
This was translated by the Kashmiri preceptor Sarvajñādeva, the Indian preceptor Vidyākaraprabha, the Kashmiri preceptor Dharmākara, and the translator Bandé Palgyi Lhünpo. It was then revised and finalized by the Indian preceptor Vidyākaraprabha and the managing editor-translator, Bandé Paltsek.202
Bibliography
The Translated Text: “The Chapter on Going Forth”
rab tu ’byung ba’i gzhi (Pravrajyāvastu). Toh 1, ch. 1, Degé Kangyur, vol. 1 (’dul ba, ka), folios 1.a–131.a.
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Glossary
Types of attestation for names and terms of the corresponding source language
Attested in source text
This term is attested in a manuscript used as a source for this translation.
Attested in other text
This term is attested in other manuscripts with a parallel or similar context.
Attested in dictionary
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Approximate attestation
The attestation of this name is approximate. It is based on other names where the relationship between the Tibetan and source language is attested in dictionaries or other manuscripts.
Reconstruction from Tibetan phonetic rendering
This term is a reconstruction based on the Tibetan phonetic rendering of the term.
Reconstruction from Tibetan semantic rendering
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abandoned the five branches
- yan lag lnga spangs pa
- ཡན་ལག་ལྔ་སྤངས་པ།
- —
Abode of Tuṣita
- dga’ ldan gyi gnas
- དགའ་ལྡན་གྱི་གནས།
- tuṣitabhavana
abscesses
- shu ba
- ཤུ་བ།
- dardru
- dardrū
accept charge of
- nye bar gzhag pa
- gzung ba
- ཉེ་བར་གཞག་པ།
- གཟུང་བ།
- —
accept charge of novices
- dge tshul nye bar gzhag pa
- དགེ་ཚུལ་ཉེ་བར་གཞག་པ།
- —
account for
- grangs dag ’debs
- གྲངས་དག་འདེབས།
- —
act
- las
- ལས།
- karman
act of censure
- bsdigs pa’i las
- བསྡིགས་པའི་ལས།
- tarjanīyakarman
act of chastening
- smad pa’i las
- སྨད་པའི་ལས།
- nirgarhaṇīyakarman
act of expulsion
- bskrad pa’i las
- བསྐྲད་པའི་ལས།
- pravāsanīyakarman
act of motion alone
- gsol ba ’ba’ zhig gi las
- གསོལ་བ་འབའ་ཞིག་གི་ལས།
- muktikājñāptikarman RS
act of reconciliation
- phyir ’gyed pa’i las
- ཕྱིར་འགྱེད་པའི་ལས།
- pratisaṃharaṇīyakarman
act of suspension
- gnas nas dbyung ba’i las
- གནས་ནས་དབྱུང་བའི་ལས།
- utkṣepaṇīyakarman
act whose fourth member is a motion
- gsol ba dang bzhi’i las
- གསོལ་བ་དང་བཞིའི་ལས།
- jñāpticaturthakarman
act whose second member is a motion
- gsol ba dang gnyis kyi las
- གསོལ་བ་དང་གཉིས་ཀྱི་ལས།
- jñāptidvitīyakarman
Āgama
- lung
- ལུང་།
- āgama
āgati flower
- spra ba’i me tog
- སྤྲ་བའི་མེ་ཏོག
- āgati
Ajātaśatru
- ma skyes dgra
- མ་སྐྱེས་དགྲ།
- ajātaśatru
Ajita
- mi pham
- མི་ཕམ།
- ajita
Ajita of the hair shawl
- mi pham skra’i la ba can
- མི་ཕམ་སྐྲའི་ལ་བ་ཅན།
- ajita keśakambala
Ājīvika
- kun tu ’tsho ba’i rigs
- ཀུན་ཏུ་འཚོ་བའི་རིགས།
- ājīvika
allocations
- ’god pa
- འགོད་པ།
- —
allow someone to go forth
- rab tu dbyung ba
- རབ་ཏུ་དབྱུང་བ།
- pravrājayati
alms
- bsod snyoms
- བསོད་སྙོམས།
- piṇḍapāta
always abides by the six spheres
- rtag tu gnas pa drug gis gnas pa
- རྟག་ཏུ་གནས་པ་དྲུག་གིས་གནས་པ།
- —
anal fistula
- bkres ngab
- བཀྲེས་ངབ།
- aṭakkara
Ānanda
- kun dga’
- ཀུན་དགའ།
- ānanda
Anantanemi
- mu khyud mtha’ yas
- མུ་ཁྱུད་མཐའ་ཡས།
- anantanemi
Anavatapta
- mtsho chen po ma dros pa
- མཚོ་ཆེན་པོ་མ་དྲོས་པ།
- anavatapta
Aṅga
- ang ga
- ཨང་ག
- aṅga
Aparāntin cloth
- nyi ’og gi gos
- ཉི་འོག་གི་གོས།
- aparāntaka
apprentice
- lhan cig gnas pa
- ལྷན་ཅིག་གནས་པ།
- sārdhaṃvihārin
Arāḍa Brahmadatta
- rtsibs kyis ’phur tshangs byin
- རྩིབས་ཀྱིས་འཕུར་ཚངས་བྱིན།
- arāḍa brahmadatta
arriving monk
- dge slong glo bur du ’ongs pa
- དགེ་སློང་གློ་བུར་དུ་འོངས་པ།
- āgantukabhikṣu
arthritis
- rtsib logs tsha ba
- རྩིབ་ལོགས་ཚ་བ།
- pārśvadāha
ascetic
- dge sbyong
- དགེ་སྦྱོང་།
- śramaṇa
ascetic follower
- phyi bzhin ’brang ba’i dge sbyong
- ཕྱི་བཞིན་འབྲང་བའི་དགེ་སྦྱོང་།
- paścācchramaṇa
asthma
- dbugs mi bde ba
- དབུགས་མི་བདེ་བ།
- śvāsa
Aśvajit
- rta thul
- རྟ་ཐུལ།
- aśvajit
Aśvaka
- ’gro mgyogs
- འགྲོ་མགྱོགས།
- aśvaka
Awakening’s seven branches
- byang chub kyi yan lag bdun
- བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག་བདུན།
- saptabodhyaṅga
Bamboo Park
- ’od ma’i tshal
- འོད་མའི་ཚལ།
- veṇuvana
Banyan Park
- n+ya gro d+ha’i kun dga’ ra ba
- ནྱ་གྲོ་དྷའི་ཀུན་དགའ་ར་བ།
- nyagrodhārāma
bar
- skyes bu
- སྐྱེས་བུ།
- —
bark
- shing shun
- ཤིང་ཤུན།
- valkala
belief in the transient aggregates
- ’jig tshogs la lta ba
- འཇིག་ཚོགས་ལ་ལྟ་བ།
- satkākadṛṣṭi
Bhadrika
- bzang ldan
- བཟང་ལྡན།
- bhadrika
Bhāgīrathī
- chu klung skal ldan shing rta
- ཆུ་ཀླུང་སྐལ་ལྡན་ཤིང་རྟ།
- bhāgīrathī
Bimbī
- gzugs can
- btsun mo gzugs can
- གཟུགས་ཅན།
- བཙུན་མོ་གཟུགས་ཅན།
- bimbī
- rājñī bimbī
Bimbisāra
- gzugs can snying po
- གཟུགས་ཅན་སྙིང་པོ།
- bimbisāra
birth totem gods
- lhan cig skyes pa’i lha
- ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས་པའི་ལྷ།
- devatā sahajā
black begging bowl carriers
- lhung bzed nag pa can
- ལྷུང་བཟེད་ནག་པ་ཅན།
- kālapātrika
blood disorders
- khrag nad
- ཁྲག་ནད།
- rudhira
body’s most basic feelings
- lu kyi mtha’ pa’i tshor ba
- ལུ་ཀྱི་མཐའ་པའི་ཚོར་བ།
- —
bondmen
- lha ’bangs
- ལྷ་འབངས།
- kalpikāra
bondsman
- bran
- བྲན།
- dāsa
bone pain
- rus pa la zug pa
- རུས་པ་ལ་ཟུག་པ།
- asthibheda
boundary
- mtshams
- མཚམས།
- sīmā
bowl
- ril ba
- རིལ་བ།
- bhājana
Brahmā
- tshangs pa
- ཚངས་པ།
- brahmā
breach
- ’gal tshabs can
- འགལ་ཚབས་ཅན།
- sātisāra
Buddharakṣita
- sangs rgyas ’tsho
- སངས་རྒྱས་འཚོ།
- buddharakṣita
burrowed-out crevice
- bya skyibs su byas pa
- བྱ་སྐྱིབས་སུ་བྱས་པ།
- kṛtaprāgbhāra
call up
- go skon
- གོ་སྐོན།
- saṃnāhayati
Campā
- tsam pa
- ཙམ་པ།
- campā
captive
- brkus pa
- བརྐུས་པ།
- muṣita
carbuncles
- lhog pa
- ལྷོག་པ།
- lohaliṅga
cell
- khang pa
- ཁང་པ།
- bhavana
- veśman
Chanda
- ’dun pa
- འདུན་པ།
- chanda
chapter
- gzhi
- གཞི།
- vastu
chronic fevers
- rtag pa’i rims
- རྟག་པའི་རིམས།
- nityajvara
cloth of a fitting color
- kha dog ran pa
- ཁ་དོག་རན་པ།
- samavarṇa
coin
- kAr ShA pa Na
- ཀཱར་ཥཱ་པ་ཎ།
- kārṣāpaṇa
“Come, monk.”
- dge slong tshur shog gi bsnyen par rdzogs pa
- དགེ་སློང་ཚུར་ཤོག་གི་བསྙེན་པར་རྫོགས་པ།
- ehibhikṣukā upasaṃpadā
competent monk
- yul las byed pa’i dge ’dun
- ཡུལ་ལས་བྱེད་པའི་དགེ་འདུན།
- —
complexes
- ’dus pa
- འདུས་པ།
- samnipāta
confronted
- sems yongs su gtugs
- སེམས་ཡོངས་སུ་གཏུགས།
- —
consensus
- mthun par gyur pa
- མཐུན་པར་གྱུར་པ།
- samanuyujya
consent
- ’dun pa
- འདུན་པ།
- chanda
consult
- zhu bar byed pa
- ཞུ་བར་བྱེད་པ།
- —
convert to a tīrthika order
- mu stegs can zhugs pa
- མུ་སྟེགས་ཅན་ཞུགས་པ།
- tīrthikāvakrāntaka
cotton cloth
- ras gos
- རས་གོས།
- kārpāsaka
cough
- lud pa
- ལུད་པ།
- kāsa
countering and undermining to the self
- bdag lhan cig rtsod pa ’gyed par ’gyur
- བདག་ལྷན་ཅིག་རྩོད་པ་འགྱེད་པར་འགྱུར།
- —
crossed the four rivers
- chu bo bzhi las rgal ba
- ཆུ་བོ་བཞི་ལས་རྒལ་བ།
- caturoghottīrṇa
daily fevers
- rims nyin re ba
- རིམས་ཉིན་རེ་བ།
- —
daily practice
- nyin mo spyod pa
- ཉིན་མོ་སྤྱོད་པ།
- dinacaryā
debunk
- rnam par ’tshe ba
- རྣམ་པར་འཚེ་བ།
- —
defeat
- pham pa
- ཕམ་པ།
- pārājika
defilements
- zag pa
- ཟག་པ།
- —
denarii
- zong rnying
- ཟོང་རྙིང་།
- dīnāra
departing monks
- dge slong ’gro bar chas pa
- དགེ་སློང་འགྲོ་བར་ཆས་པ།
- gamikabhikṣu
deposits
- gzhag pa
- གཞག་པ།
- —
deviant views
- sdig pa can gyi lta ba
- སྡིག་པ་ཅན་གྱི་ལྟ་བ།
- pāpadarśana
Dharmākara
- dharmA ka ra
- དྷརྨཱ་ཀ་ར།
- dharmākara
Dīrghanakha
- sen rings
- སེན་རིངས།
- dīrghanakha
discarded rags
- phyag dar
- ཕྱག་དར།
- saṃkāra
disciple
- nyan thos
- ཉན་ཐོས།
- śrāvaka
disciplinary act
- nan tur gyi las
- ནན་ཏུར་གྱི་ལས།
- praṇidhikarman
disintegration
- rnam par ’thor ba
- རྣམ་པར་འཐོར་བ།
- —
dissipation
- rims ldang dub pa
- རིམས་ལྡང་དུབ་པ།
- —
diver
- rkyal chen
- རྐྱལ་ཆེན།
- kaivarta
dreadlocked fire-worshipper
- me ba ral pa can
- མེ་བ་རལ་པ་ཅན།
- jaṭila
dry rashes
- g.ya’
- གཡའ།
- kaṇḍū
dry sauna
- bsro khang
- བསྲོ་ཁང་།
- jentāka
dugūla
- du gu la’i ras
- དུ་གུ་ལའི་རས།
- daukūlaka
duplicitous
- tha dad du gnas pa
- ཐ་དད་དུ་གནས་པ།
- nānāsaṃvāsika
Early Rite
- sngon gyi cho ga
- སྔོན་གྱི་ཆོ་ག
- purākalpa
earthen cave
- sa phug
- ས་ཕུག
- bhūmiguhā
- bhūmigrahā
eight branches of the path
- lam gyi yan lag brgyad
- ལམ་གྱི་ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད།
- aṣṭāṅgamārga
Ekottarikāgama
- lung gcig las ’phros pa
- ལུང་གཅིག་ལས་འཕྲོས་པ།
- ekottarikāgama
elder
- gnas brtan
- གནས་བརྟན།
- sthavira
Elders
- gnas brtan gyi sde
- གནས་བརྟན་གྱི་སྡེ།
- sthavira
elephantiasis
- rkang ’bam
- རྐང་འབམ།
- ślīpadin
everyday fare
- rtag res ’khor
- རྟག་རེས་འཁོར།
- naityaka
exanthema
- ’brum phran
- འབྲུམ་ཕྲན།
- kiṭibha
expenditures
- dbyung ba
- དབྱུང་བ།
- —
fatigue
- ngal ba
- ངལ་བ།
- klama
fearless in four ways
- mi ’jigs pa bzhi
- མི་འཇིགས་པ་བཞི།
- caturvaiśāradya
- caturabhaya
feasts on the fifth, the eighth, the fourteenth, or the full moon
- lnga ston
- brgyad ston
- bcu bzhi ston
- nya ston
- ལྔ་སྟོན།
- བརྒྱད་སྟོན།
- བཅུ་བཞི་སྟོན།
- ཉ་སྟོན།
- pāñcamika
- aṣṭamika
- caturdaśika
- pāñcadaśika
fellow brahmacārin
- tshangs pa mtshungs par spyod pa
- ཚངས་པ་མཚུངས་པར་སྤྱོད་པ།
- sabrahmacārin
fevers which last a day
- nyin gcig pa
- ཉིན་གཅིག་པ།
- ekāhika
find refuge for
- gnas ’char gzhug
- གནས་འཆར་གཞུག
- —
fine Kāśī cotton
- yul ka shi’i ras phran
- ཡུལ་ཀ་ཤིའི་རས་ཕྲན།
- kāśikasūkṣma
fire sacrifice
- sbyin sreg
- སྦྱིན་སྲེག
- —
first-hand experience
- reg par spyod pa
- རེག་པར་སྤྱོད་པ།
- —
fits
- brjed byed
- བརྗེད་བྱེད།
- apasmāra
five types of offenses
- ltung ba sde lnga
- ལྟུང་བ་སྡེ་ལྔ།
- pañcāpattinīkāya
fluid retention
- skya rbab
- སྐྱ་རྦབ།
- pāṇḍu
food and drink fit for a period
- thun tshod du rung ba
- ཐུན་ཚོད་དུ་རུང་བ།
- yāmikāni
- yāmikaḥ
food fit for a time
- dus su rung ba
- དུས་སུ་རུང་བ།
- kālikāni
- kālikaḥ
foot of a tree
- shing drung
- ཤིང་དྲུང་།
- vṛkṣamūla