When given as an enumeration, this refers to the four: the discernments of meaning, phenomena, definitions, and eloquence.

There are four: the discernments of meaning, phenomena, definitions, and eloquence.

Correct and unhindered discriminating knowledge. See also the four discernments.

Correct and unhindered discriminating knowledge.

Correct knowledge of meaning, Dharma, language, and eloquence.

See “four correct understandings.”

See “four correct discernments.”

This refers to the four forms of discernment or special knowledge that pertain to meaning, phenomena, definitions, and eloquence.

Genuine discrimination with respect to dharmas, meaning, language, and eloquence.

See “four correct discriminations.”

Correct knowledge of meaning, Dharma, language, and eloquence.

Correct knowledge of phenomena, meaning, language, and eloquence.

May refer to the four analytical abilities, listed here as analytical ability in relation to objects, analytical ability in relation to phenomena, analytical ability in relation to language, and analytical ability in relation to eloquence.

See Har Dayal 2004, p. 260ff.

The modes of knowledge attained on the ninth bodhisattva level. There are four such modes: the comprehensive knowledge of phenomena (dharma; chos), of meaning (artha; don), of language or etymology (nirukti; nges pa’i tshig), and eloquence (pratibhāna; spobs pa).

Correct and accurate discernment, typically in regard to four sets of factors: phenomena, meaning, language, and confident eloquence.

Correct knowledge of meaning, Dharma, language, and eloquence.

Correct understanding of meaning, Dharma, language, and eloquence.

See “four detailed and thorough knowledges.”

These are of four kinds and are also found in the Pali tradition and in the Mahāvastu of the Mahāsaṅghikas. They are listed in this sūtra as the discerning knowledge of phenomena, the discerning knowledge of meaning, the discerning knowledge of definitions, and the discerning knowledge of eloquence.

Correct and unhindered discernment that is traditionally of four types: (1) discernment of phenomena (dharma); (2) discernment of meaning (artha); (3) discernment of linguistic analysis (nirukti); and (4) discernment in confident eloquence (pratibhāna).

See “four types of discriminating knowledge.”

Four specific types of discernment. The four ways in which a bodhisattva knows distinct features, characteristics, and states of phenomena: (1) discrimination of dharma (dharmapratisaṃvid, chos so so yang dag rig pa); (2) discrimination of things (arthapratisaṃvid, so so yang dag rig pa); (3) discrimination of expression (niruktipratisaṃvid, nges tshig so so yang dag rig pa); (4) discrimination of eloquence (pratibhāna pratisaṃvid, spobs pa so so yang dag rig pa) (Rigzin 288, with slight adjustments to terminology in translation).

The discrimination of dharma, the discrimination of things, the discrimination of expression, and the discrimination of eloquence.

See four kinds of exact knowledge.

The modes of knowledge attained on the ninth bodhisattva level. There are four such modes: the correct analytical knowledge of phenomena (dharma; chos), of meaning (artha; don), of language or etymology (nirukti; nges pa’i tshig), and of eloquence (pratibhāna; spobs pa).

Genuine discrimination with respect to dharmas, meaning, language, and eloquence.

Correct understanding of meaning, Dharma, language, and eloquence.

Four types of knowledge that are particularly oriented toward teaching the Dharma: knowledge of things, meanings, etymologies, and inspired eloquence.