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  • Toh 99

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བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་ཀྱི་ཡེ་ཤེས་རྒྱས་པའི་མདོ་སྡེ་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་མཐའ་ཡས་པ་མཐར་ཕྱིན་པ།

The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty
Glossary

Niṣṭhā­gata­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratnānanta
འཕགས་པ་བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་ཀྱི་ཡེ་ཤེས་རྒྱས་པའི་མདོ་སྡེ་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་མཐའ་ཡས་པ་མཐར་ཕྱིན་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ།
’phags pa bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo
The Noble Great Vehicle Sūtra “The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty”
Ārya­niṣṭhā­gata­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratnānanta­nāma­mahāyāna­sūtra

Toh 99

Degé Kangyur, vol. 47 (mdo sde, ga), folios 1.a–275.b

ᴛʀᴀɴsʟᴀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴛɪʙᴇᴛᴀɴ ʙʏ
  • Prajñāvarman
  • Yeshé Nyingpo

Imprint

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Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee
under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha

First published 2019

Current version v 1.27.4 (2024)

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co.

Table of Contents

ti. Title
im. Imprint
co. Contents
s. Summary
ac. Acknowledgements
i. Introduction
tr. The Translation
+ 4 sections- 4 sections
1. The Thus-Gone One’s Qualities
+ 32 chapters- 32 chapters
· Synopsis of the Categories of the Thus-Gone One’s Knowledge
· Knowledge of What is Possible
· Knowledge of What is Impossible
· Knowledge of the Past, Future, and Present
· Knowledge of Karma
· Knowledge of the Paths That Lead to All Destinations
· Knowledge of the Several Elements
· Knowledge of the Various Elements
· Knowledge of the World
· Knowledge of Several Inclinations
· Knowledge of Various Inclinations
· Knowledge of the Faculties
· Knowledge of the Powers
· Knowledge of Concentration
· Knowledge of Liberation
· Knowledge of Absorption
· Knowledge of Equilibrium
· Knowledge of Affliction
· Knowledge of Purification
· Knowledge of Abiding
· Knowledge of the Past
· Knowledge of the Future
· Knowledge of Death
· Knowledge of Birth
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Desire
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Existence
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Views
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Ignorance
· Knowledge of Exhaustion
· Knowledge of No-Birth
· Knowledge of Omniscience
· The Thus-Gone One Understands These Kinds of Knowledge to Be Mere Conventions
2. The Songs of the Nāga Kings
3. The Past Causes of Knowledge
+ 33 chapters- 33 chapters
· Knowledge of What Is Possible
· Knowledge of What Is Impossible
· Knowledge of the Past
· Knowledge of the Future
· Knowledge of the Present
· Knowledge of Karma
· Knowledge of the Paths That Lead to All Destinations
· Knowledge of the Several Elements
· Knowledge of the Various Elements
· Knowledge of the World
· Knowledge of Concentration
· Knowledge of Liberation
· Knowledge of Absorption
· Knowledge of Equilibrium
· Knowledge of Affliction
· Knowledge of Purification
· Knowledge of Abiding
· Knowledge of the World
· Knowledge of Several Inclinations
· Knowledge of the Various Inclinations
· Knowledge of the Faculties
· Knowledge of the Powers
· Knowledge of Diligence
· Knowledge of the Levels
· Knowledge of the Past
· Knowledge of What Is Possible
· Knowledge of the Future
· Knowledge of Death
· Knowledge of Birth
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Desire
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Existence
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Views
· Knowledge of the Defilement of Ignorance
c. Colophon
n. Notes
b. Bibliography
+ 2 sections- 2 sections
· The Translated Text
· Works Cited in Introduction and Endnotes
+ 2 sections- 2 sections
· Tibetan Reference Works
· Works Cited in English and Other Languages
g. Glossary

s.

Summary

s.­1

The Buddha’s disciple, the monk Pūrṇa, oversees the construction of a temple dedicated to the Buddha in a distant southern city. When the master builder suggests that the building may be used by others in the Buddha’s absence, Pūrṇa argues that no one but an omniscient buddha may rightly take up residence there. Enumerating the kinds of knowledge that are unique to a buddha’s perfect awakening, Pūrṇa then delivers a lengthy exposition that also relates each of these qualities to the knowledge of the four truths. Following Pūrṇa’s teaching, the master builder invites the Buddha and his followers from afar to the inauguration of the newly built structure. They arrive, flying through the sky. After the inauguration, the Buddha flies with his monks to the shores of Lake Anavatapta, where he receives the worship of numerous nāga kings, teaches and inspires them, and predicts their awakening. At Maudgalyāyana’s request, the Buddha then recounts each of the specific events in his past lives that ultimately led to the unfolding of each of his particular kinds of knowledge.

s.­2

This long sūtra thus serves as a detailed guide to the different aspects of the Buddha’s awakened wisdom, particularly those that, in many accounts of the qualities of buddhahood, are known as the ten powers or strengths.


ac.

Acknowledgements

ac.­1

Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee under the guidance of Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche. The translation was produced by Andreas Doctor, Zachary Beer, and Thomas Doctor. Andreas Doctor checked the translation against the Tibetan and edited the text.

This translation has been completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.


i.

Introduction

i.­1

This sūtra, The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty,1 is one of the longer works in the Kangyur, filling no less than five hundred fifty Tibetan pages in the Degé Kangyur. However, in spite of its impressive size, the sūtra has remained virtually unread and unstudied in the West. Apart from a brief summary of the text by Csoma de Körös in 1836,2 it has not to our knowledge been the focus of any scholarship in English until now.


Text Body

The Translation
The Noble Great Vehicle Sūtra
The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty

1.

The Thus-Gone One’s Qualities

[F.1.b] [B1]


1.­1

Homage to all buddhas and bodhisattvas!


1.­2

Thus did I hear at one time. The Blessed One was staying in Śrāvastī, in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park, along with a great saṅgha of 1,250 monks. At that time, in the city of Transcending Virtue23 there was a householder, a master builder,24 who had engaged venerable Pūrṇa to oversee the construction of a temple with a sandalwood courtyard exclusively dedicated to the Blessed One, exclusively with the Blessed One in mind, and exclusively for the sake of the Blessed One. Subsequently, that temple with its sandalwood courtyard [F.2.a] had been constructed and completed without delay.

Synopsis of the Categories of the Thus-Gone One’s Knowledge

Knowledge of What is Possible

Knowledge of What is Impossible

Knowledge of the Past, Future, and Present

Knowledge of Karma

Knowledge of the Paths That Lead to All Destinations

Knowledge of the Several Elements

Knowledge of the Various Elements

Knowledge of the World

Knowledge of Several Inclinations

Knowledge of Various Inclinations

Knowledge of the Faculties

Knowledge of the Powers

Knowledge of Concentration

Knowledge of Liberation

Knowledge of Absorption

Knowledge of Equilibrium

Knowledge of Affliction

Knowledge of Purification

Knowledge of Abiding

Knowledge of the Past

Knowledge of the Future

Knowledge of Death

Knowledge of Birth

Knowledge of the Defilement of Desire

Knowledge of the Defilement of Existence

Knowledge of the Defilement of Views

Knowledge of the Defilement of Ignorance

Knowledge of Exhaustion

Knowledge of No-Birth

Knowledge of Omniscience

The Thus-Gone One Understands These Kinds of Knowledge to Be Mere Conventions


2.

The Songs of the Nāga Kings

2.­1

The householder master builder then asked the superintendent, venerable Pūrṇa, “Pūrṇa, where is the Blessed One residing at present?”

The superintendent, venerable Pūrṇa, replied to the householder master builder, “Householder, to the north of here is the country of Kośala, within which, at the base of the majestic snow mountains, lies the city of Śrāvastī. There one finds the householder Anāthapiṇḍada’s park, a grove that formerly belonged to Prince Jeta, the son of the King of Kośala. That is where the Blessed One resides.”


3.

The Past Causes of Knowledge

Knowledge of What Is Possible

3.­1

42Venerable Mahā­maudgalyāyana then addressed the Blessed One. “From the Thus-Gone One’s correct knowledge of the ripening of beings’ karma, up to the Blessed One’s great miraculous powers and right up to the Blessed One’s great majesty‍—all of these qualities are truly amazing. Blessed One, what action was it whose ripening led the Blessed One to attain the knowledge of what is possible? Blessed One, please consider all beings kindly and grant a reply. When the bodhisattva great beings hear what the Blessed One declares, they will take joy, pleasure, and delight in carrying out the practices of unexcelled and perfect awakening. Then they will engage in such practices.”

Knowledge of What Is Impossible

Knowledge of the Past

Knowledge of the Future

Knowledge of the Present

Knowledge of Karma

Knowledge of the Paths That Lead to All Destinations

Knowledge of the Several Elements

Knowledge of the Various Elements

Knowledge of the World

Knowledge of Concentration

Knowledge of Liberation

Knowledge of Absorption

Knowledge of Equilibrium

Knowledge of Affliction

Knowledge of Purification

Knowledge of Abiding

Knowledge of the World

Knowledge of Several Inclinations

Knowledge of the Various Inclinations

Knowledge of the Faculties

Knowledge of the Powers

Knowledge of Diligence

Knowledge of the Levels

Knowledge of the Past

Knowledge of What Is Possible

Knowledge of the Future

Knowledge of Death

Knowledge of Birth

Knowledge of the Defilement of Desire

Knowledge of the Defilement of Existence

Knowledge of the Defilement of Views

Knowledge of the Defilement of Ignorance


c.

Colophon

c.­1

This was translated by the Indian preceptor Prajñāvarman and the translator Bandé Yeshé Nyingpo. The text was later edited and finalized by the Indian preceptors Śuddhasiṃha and Sarvajñādeva, together with the translator-editor Bandé Paltsek.


n.

Notes

n.­1
We have translated the title of this text based on the Tibetan (bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa) while considering the Sanskrit title provided in the Tibetan manuscripts. In the process we have attempted our own emendation of the Sanskrit title, which we believe is the product of a back-translation from the Tibetan. The revised Sanskrit title that we suggest using for this text is: ananta­niṣṭhāga­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratna. In arriving at this title, we have been guided by the following reflections: The Tōhoku catalog lists the title, which its compilers likewise attempted to revise, as niṣṭhāgata­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratnānanta. However, the Tōhoku title includes a footnote for niṣṭhāgata that mentions an alternative reading of niṣṭhāgan. This has led us to believe that the original reading most probably was niṣṭhāga, and not niṣṭhāgata, since the meaning of this term is better suited in this context (see further below). The difference in meaning between these two terms is that niṣṭhāgata means “arrived at certainty” (i.e., “conclusive / definitive”), whereas niṣṭhāga can also mean “leading to certainty.” The Sanskrit title given on the title page of the Degé Kangyur reads niṣṭhatan-bhagavat-jñāna-vaipulyan-sūtra-ratna-ānanta. Other Kangyurs reflect variants, although most of them are minor. Most notably, a few Kangyurs (e.g. the Stok Palace as representative of the Thempangma line) are missing ānanta (mtha’ yas pa). Also, although the correct form might be niṣṭhāga(ta), all of the Tibetan editions that we consulted read niṣṭhatan (although ā > a is common and ga could have been elided in copying). Most importantly, however, they all place this term at the beginning of the title, and not at the end, where it appears in the Tibetan. Given this introductory placement of niṣṭhāga in the Sanskrit title, we believe that so also should ananta be moved to the beginning of the title as a qualifier of niṣṭhāga. One could of course adopt the reading of the Stok Palace Kangyur where ananta / mtha’ yas pa is missing altogether, which would also yield a straightforward title. However, by moving ananta to the beginning of the title (and thus conforming to the Tibetan where mtha’ yas pa and mthar phyin pa are placed next to each other in that sequence) one gets the compound anantaniṣṭhāga , which we believe is the better option. The phrase anantaniṣṭhā (or its synonym atyantaniṣṭhā ) actually occurs in other Buddhist texts, including the Lalitavistara, where, in a description of the Dharma wheel, we find the sentence akopyaṃ taccakram atyanta­niṣṭha­tvāt, meaning, “This wheel cannot be shaken, because of the infinite certitude [of the Dharma].” As such, it is also possible that the original Sanskrit might have read atyanta­niṣṭhāga rather than anantaniṣṭhāga. With this word order, the Sanskrit title becomes plausible and makes sense, both in terms of grammar and meaning. Significantly, in this way we also arrive at a Sanskrit title that can actually be read as a basis for the Tibetan translation, which is a feature missing from the Sanskrit as it is listed in the Tibetan manuscripts as well as the Tōhoku catalog. Thus, with our proposed emendations to the Sanskrit title, the Sanskrit and the Tibetan titles are reconciled.
n.­2
Csoma de Körös’s summary of the sūtra was later published in French translation by Henri Léon Feer (1881).
n.­3
The Denkarma (ldan dkar ma), see bibliography, was compiled by Paltsek (dpal brstegs), Lui Wangpo (lu’i dbang po), Namkhai Nyingpo (nam mkha’ snying po), and others.
n.­4
See Yao (2021), 2.91.
n.­5
See Rotman (2008), pp. 71–117.
n.­6
E.g., the exact role of Pūrṇa and the name of the place, see n.­8, n.­12, n.­23, and n.­25. It is noteworthy that Sarvajñādeva, who translated the Bhaiṣajyavastu, is also one of the revisers of this sūtra; that no attempt appears to have been made by the translators to reconcile these narrative differences is therefore unlikely to be because the translators of the one text were unaware of the existence of the other. They were, probably, simply staying faithful to their source texts.
n.­7
At least six are mentioned in the Kangyur: (1) Pūrṇa Maitrāyaṇīputra, a brahmin from Kapilavastu, ordained by his uncle Ājñātakauṇḍinya when the latter returned to Kapilavastu soon after the Buddha’s first teaching; this is the Pūrṇa who was “foremost in teaching” among the ten principal disciples, and is mentioned in many sūtras including The Teaching of Vimalakīrti (Toh 176) and The Sūtra of Pūrṇa’s Questions (Toh 61); (2) the Pūrṇa who was one of the second group of five monks ordained by the Buddha, the “five friends” (nye lnga sde), all Vārāṇasī merchants’ sons, headed by Yaśas; (3) the Pūrṇa of The Exemplary Tale of Pūrṇa (Pūrṇāvadāna), son of a wealthy Aparāntaka merchant and his slave girl, a successful maritime expedition leader before going forth as a monk, and almost certainly the protagonist in the present sūtra; (4) an older Pūrṇa, the “Elder Pūrṇa from Kuṇḍopadāna,” who is also mentioned in The Exemplary Tale of Pūrṇa as one of the monks in the Buddha’s airborne entourage; (5) a very rich and generous brahmin called Pūrṇa from the Mountains of the South who invites the Buddha and receives a prediction of enlightenment, but is not ordained; he is the subject of the first story in The Hundred Exemplary Tales, Beginning with That of Pūrṇa (Pūrṇapramukhāvadānaśataka, Toh 343); and (6) the sickly and short-lived Pūrṇa of Śrāvasti, attendant of Aniruddha, who became an arhat just before he died and is the subject of one of the stories in the first chapter of The Hundred Deeds (Karmaśataka, Toh 340).
n.­8
This is one of the differences between this version and the episode in The Exemplary Tale of Pūrṇa, according to which Pūrṇa himself is the main instigator and patron of the building project.
n.­23
grong khyer chen po dge ba’i pha rol ’gro zhes bya ba. No place whose name has this exact Tibetan rendering is found elsewhere in the canonical texts, and it has no attested Sanskrit equivalent. There is, however, a very close match in the Gaṇḍavyūha (Degé Kangyur, vol. 38, phal chen, a, F.65.b; see also Roberts, 2021): dge ba’i pha rol tu phyin pa, Śubhapāraṃgama in Sanskrit, the southern city where the householder bodhisattva Veṣṭhila lives‍—although this may well be an allegorical rather than a geographical name. Intriguingly, Veṣṭhila worships at a sandalwood shrine. Whatever the case, the stated location in the present text differs from that of the temple in The Exemplary Tale of Pūrṇa, which is built in the coastal city Sūrpāraka (Tib. slo ma lta bu)‍—the capital of Aparānta and Pūrṇa’s native city, identified with modern Sopara, just to the north of Mumbai.
n.­24
The Degé and other Kangyurs of predominantly Tshalpa (tshal pa) influence read phywa mkhan, while the Stok Palace (stog pho brang) and Shelkar (shel mkhar) Kangyurs of mainly Thempangma (them spangs ma) lineage have phya mkhan. Both spellings are found in other texts in all Kangyurs, and appear to represent alternative spellings of the same term. Csoma de Körös (p. 426) and Henri Léon Feer (p. 231) both rendered phywa mkhan as “fortune teller,” a sense it may have in some contexts (although in such cases “diviner” might be a better rendering). However, the Mahā­vyutpatti (3770) lists phya mkhan as the Sanskrit stha­pati, which Monier Williams translates as “chief, governor, architect, master builder, etc.” This seems the more likely sense given the context, and in a number of Vinaya and Prajñāpāramitā texts in the Kangyur the term (in both spellings) clearly has that meaning.
n.­42
The subheadings in this chapter are not present in the Tibetan, but have been added to make the translation more navigable.

b.

Bibliography

The Translated Text

’phags pa bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo. Toh 99, Degé Kangyur vol. 47 (mdo sde, ga), folios 1a.1–275b.7.

’phags pa bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo. bka’ ’gyur (dpe bsdur ma) [Comparative Edition of the Kangyur], krung go’i bod rig pa zhib ’jug ste gnas kyi bka’ bstan dpe sdur khang (The Tibetan Tripitaka Collation Bureau of the China Tibetology Research Center). 108 volumes. Beijing: krung go’i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang (China Tibetology Publishing House), 2006–9, vol. 47, pp. 1–725.

Works Cited in Introduction and Endnotes

Tibetan Reference Works

Butön Rinchen Drub (bu ston rin chen grub). bde bar gshegs pa’i bstan pa’i gsal byed chos kyi ’byung gnas gsung rab rin po che’i mdzod. In sa skya’i chos ’byung gces bsdus, vol. 2. Beijing: krung go’i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang, 2009.

Chökyi Drakpa (chos kyi grags pa). dam pa’i chos dgongs pa gcig pa’i rnam bshad lung don gsal byed legs bshad nyi ma’i snang ba. In chos kyi grags pa gsung ’bum, vol. 3 (ga), pp. 1–382. Kulhan: Drikung Kagyu Institute, 1999.

Chomden Rikpai Raldri (bcom ldan rig pa’i ral gri). dbu ma rtsa sher rgyan gyi me tog [a commentary on the Mūla­madhyamaka­kārikas]. Boudha: sa skya rgyal yongs gsung rab slob gnye khang, 2007.

Drakpa Döndrub (mtshur pu rgyal tshab grags pa don grub). byang chub lam sgron gyi ’grel pa mar gyi nying khu. Xining: mtsho sngon mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2009.

Gö Lotsāwa Shönnu Pal (’gos lo tsA ba gzhon nu dpal). theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma’i bstan bcos kyi ’grel pa de kho na nyid rab tu gsal ba’i me long. Swayambhu: Karma Leksheyling, 2012.

Gorampa Sönam Senge (go rams pa bsod nams seng+ge). dam pa’i chos mngon pa mdzod kyi ’grel pa gzhung don rab tu gsal ba’i nyi ma. In chos mngon pa’i skor. Boudha: sa skya rgyal yongs gsung rab slob gnyer khang, 2007.

Denkarma (pho brang stod thang ldan dkar gyi chos kyi ’gyur ro cog gi dkar chag), Toh. 4364. Degé Tengyur, vol. 206 (sna tshogs, jo), F.294.b–310.a.

Taktsang Lotsawa Sherab Rinchen (stag tshang lo tsa ba shes rab rin chen). grub mtha’ kun shes. In stag tshang lo tsā ba’i shes rab rin chen gyi gsung skor, vol. 1 (ka), pp. 171–447. Boudha: sa skya rgyal yongs gsung rab slob gnyer khang, 2007.

zhol dka’ ’gyur dkar chag [Lhasa Kangyur Catalogue ]. bka’ ’gyur (dpe bsdur ma) [Comparative Edition of the Kangyur], krung go’i bod rig pa zhib ’jug ste gnas kyi bka’ bstan dpe sdur khang (The Tibetan Tripitaka Collation Bureau of the China Tibetology Research Center). 108 volumes. Beijing: krung go’i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang (China Tibetology Publishing House), 2006–9, vol. 107, pp. 17–852.

Works Cited in English and Other Languages

Csoma de Körös, Alexander. “Analysis of the Mdo.” Asiatic Researches 20 (1836): 426–428.

Feer, Henri Léon. “Analyse du Kandjour: recueil des livres sacrés du Tibet par Alexandre Csoma, de Körös.” Annales du Musée Guimet. Lyon: Imprimerie Pitrat Ainé (1881): 231–233.

Griffiths, Paul J. “Buddhist Hybrid English: Some Notes on Philology and Hermeneutics for Buddhologists.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 4, no. 2 (1981): 17–32.

Lamotte, Étienne. The Treatise on the Great Virtue of Wisdom of Nāgārjuna (Mahā­prajñā­pāramitā­śāstra), Vol. III. Translated from the French (Le Traité de la grande Vertu de Sagesse de Nāgārjuna (Mahā­prajñā­pāramitā­śāstra)) by Gelongma Karma Migme Chodron (unpublished manuscript, 2001). https://www.wisdomlib.org/buddhism/book/the-treatise-on-the-great-virtue-of-wisdom-volume-iii/d/doc82365.html.

Roberts, Peter Alan. The Stem Array (Gaṇḍavyūha, chapter 45 of the Avataṃsakasūtra, Toh 44). 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2021.

Rotman, Andy. Divine Stories: Divyāvadāna, Part 1. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2008.

Salomon, Richard. The Buddhist Literature of Ancient Gandhāra: An Introduction with Selected Translations. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2018.

Yao, Fumi, et al. The Chapter on Medicines (Bhaiṣajyavastu, chapter 6 of the Vinayavastu, Toh 1). 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2021.


g.

Glossary

Types of attestation for names and terms of the corresponding source language

AS

Attested in source text

This term is attested in a manuscript used as a source for this translation.

AO

Attested in other text

This term is attested in other manuscripts with a parallel or similar context.

AD

Attested in dictionary

This term is attested in dictionaries matching Tibetan to the corresponding language.

AA

Approximate attestation

The attestation of this name is approximate. It is based on other names where the relationship between the Tibetan and source language is attested in dictionaries or other manuscripts.

RP

Reconstruction from Tibetan phonetic rendering

This term is a reconstruction based on the Tibetan phonetic rendering of the term.

RS

Reconstruction from Tibetan semantic rendering

This term is a reconstruction based on the semantics of the Tibetan translation.

SU

Source unspecified

This term has been supplied from an unspecified source, which most often is a widely trusted dictionary.

g.­1

Abode of Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa’i gnas
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པའི་གནས།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmavihāra

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­84
g.­2

Adapting to All Beings

Wylie:
  • skye bo thams cad rjes su ’jug pa
Tibetan:
  • སྐྱེ་བོ་ཐམས་ཅད་རྗེས་སུ་འཇུག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a prostitute in a story Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­263
g.­3

Agnidatta

Wylie:
  • mes byin
Tibetan:
  • མེས་བྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • agnidatta

This name appears twice, referring to a king, who is a former incarnation of the Buddha, as well as an ascetic.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­23
  • 3.­606-607
g.­4

All-Seeing

Wylie:
  • kun tu spyan
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་ཏུ་སྤྱན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a future buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­162
g.­5

Always Diligent

Wylie:
  • rtag tu brtson ’grus rtsom pa
Tibetan:
  • རྟག་ཏུ་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་རྩོམ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­26
g.­6

Ambrosial King

Wylie:
  • bdud rtsi’i rgyal po
  • bdud rtsi’i thigs pa’i rgyal po
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་རྩིའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
  • བདུད་རྩིའི་ཐིགས་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­431
  • 3.­433-435
g.­7

Ambrosial Voice

Wylie:
  • bdud rtsi’i dbyangs
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་རྩིའི་དབྱངས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva, a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­368
  • 3.­381
g.­8

Amṛtaprabha

Wylie:
  • bdud rtsi’i ’od zer
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་རྩིའི་འོད་ཟེར།
Sanskrit:
  • amṛtaprabha

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­364
  • 3.­600
g.­9

Ānanda

Wylie:
  • kun dga’ bo
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་དགའ་བོ།
Sanskrit:
  • ānanda

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

A major śrāvaka disciple and personal attendant of the Buddha Śākyamuni during the last twenty-five years of his life. He was a cousin of the Buddha (according to the Mahāvastu, he was a son of Śuklodana, one of the brothers of King Śuddhodana, which means he was a brother of Devadatta; other sources say he was a son of Amṛtodana, another brother of King Śuddhodana, which means he would have been a brother of Aniruddha).

Ānanda, having always been in the Buddha’s presence, is said to have memorized all the teachings he heard and is celebrated for having recited all the Buddha’s teachings by memory at the first council of the Buddhist saṅgha, thus preserving the teachings after the Buddha’s parinirvāṇa. The phrase “Thus did I hear at one time,” found at the beginning of the sūtras, usually stands for his recitation of the teachings. He became a patriarch after the passing of Mahākāśyapa.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­9-10
g.­10

Anantaprabha

Wylie:
  • ’od mtha’ yas
Tibetan:
  • འོད་མཐའ་ཡས།
Sanskrit:
  • anantaprabha

A buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­744
  • 3.­746
  • 3.­748-749
g.­11

Anantaraśmin

Wylie:
  • ’od zer mtha’ yas
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཟེར་མཐའ་ཡས།
Sanskrit:
  • anantaraśmin

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­636-637
g.­12

Anāthapiṇḍada

Wylie:
  • mgon med zas sbyin
Tibetan:
  • མགོན་མེད་ཟས་སྦྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • anāthapiṇḍada

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

A wealthy merchant in the town of Śrāvastī, famous for his generosity to the poor, who became a patron of the Buddha Śākyamuni. He bought Prince Jeta’s Grove (Skt. Jetavana), to be the Buddha’s first monastery, a place where the monks could stay during the monsoon.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­1
  • g.­275
g.­13

Anavatapta

Wylie:
  • ma dros pa
Tibetan:
  • མ་དྲོས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • anavatapta

A nāga king.

Located in 12 passages in the translation:

  • s.­1
  • i.­5
  • i.­13-14
  • 2.­18
  • 2.­24-25
  • 2.­28
  • 2.­33
  • 2.­38
  • 2.­95
  • n.­34
g.­14

Anointed with Ambrosia

Wylie:
  • bdud rtsis dbang bkur
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་རྩིས་དབང་བཀུར།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­317-319
  • 3.­321
  • 3.­324
g.­15

Aparagodānīya

Wylie:
  • ba lang spyod
Tibetan:
  • བ་ལང་སྤྱོད།
Sanskrit:
  • aparagodānīya

The continent to the west. One of the four main continents that surround the central mountain in classical Buddhist cosmology.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286
g.­16

applications of mindfulness

Wylie:
  • yang dag pa’i dran pa nye bar bzhag pa
Tibetan:
  • ཡང་དག་པའི་དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བར་བཞག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • samyak­smṛtyupasthānāni

Mindfulness of the body, feelings, the mind, and dharmas.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­305
  • 1.­313
  • 1.­411
  • 2.­271
  • 2.­274
  • g.­363
g.­17

Aśokaśrī

Wylie:
  • mya ngan med pa’i dpal
Tibetan:
  • མྱ་ངན་མེད་པའི་དཔལ།
Sanskrit:
  • aśokaśrī

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­145
g.­18

Aśvajit

Wylie:
  • rta thul
Tibetan:
  • རྟ་ཐུལ།
Sanskrit:
  • aśvajit

A disciple of the Buddha. Before the Buddha’s awakening, Aśvajit was one of the five ascetics with whom he practiced.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­33
g.­19

attainments of the successive stages

Wylie:
  • mthar gyis snyoms par ’jug pa
Tibetan:
  • མཐར་གྱིས་སྙོམས་པར་འཇུག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • anupūrva­samāpatti

A set of nine progressive stages of deepening mental absorption, including the four concentrations of the form realm, the four formless realms, and cessation.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­312
g.­20

Bali

Wylie:
  • stobs chen
Tibetan:
  • སྟོབས་ཆེན།
Sanskrit:
  • bali

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­201
g.­21

Bandhumat

Wylie:
  • gnyen ldan
Tibetan:
  • གཉེན་ལྡན།
Sanskrit:
  • bandhumat

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­187-191
g.­22

bases of miraculous absorption

Wylie:
  • rdzu ’phrul gyi rkang pa
Tibetan:
  • རྫུ་འཕྲུལ་གྱི་རྐང་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • ṛddhipāda

Four types of absorption related to intention, diligence, attention, and analysis respectively. Among the thirty-seven factors of awakening (q.v.).

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­313
  • 3.­847-848
  • g.­363
g.­23

Bearer of Victory

Wylie:
  • rgyal ba ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བ་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a brahmin, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­183-185
g.­24

Beautiful Honey Grove

Wylie:
  • sbrang tshal bkra ba
Tibetan:
  • སྦྲང་ཚལ་བཀྲ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Great lay follower of Buddha Śākyamuni.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­544
g.­25

Beyond All Worlds

Wylie:
  • ’gro ba thams cad las ’das
Tibetan:
  • འགྲོ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་འདས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­756-759
g.­26

Beyond Doubt

Wylie:
  • yid gnyis las yang dag par ’das pa
Tibetan:
  • ཡིད་གཉིས་ལས་ཡང་དག་པར་འདས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; A former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 11 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­459-461
  • 3.­465
  • 3.­470-473
  • 3.­479
  • 3.­483
  • 3.­495
g.­27

Bhaiṣajyarāja

Wylie:
  • sman gyi rgyal
Tibetan:
  • སྨན་གྱི་རྒྱལ།
Sanskrit:
  • bhaiṣajyarāja

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­572-573
g.­28

Bhūbhṛta

Wylie:
  • sa ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • ས་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • bhūbhṛta

A king, former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­679
  • 3.­681
  • 3.­738
g.­29

bhūta

Wylie:
  • ’byung po
Tibetan:
  • འབྱུང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • bhūta

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

This term in its broadest sense can refer to any being, whether human, animal, or nonhuman. However, it is often used to refer to a specific class of nonhuman beings, especially when bhūtas are mentioned alongside rākṣasas, piśācas, or pretas. In common with these other kinds of nonhumans, bhūtas are usually depicted with unattractive and misshapen bodies. Like several other classes of nonhuman beings, bhūtas take spontaneous birth. As their leader is traditionally regarded to be Rudra-Śiva (also known by the name Bhūta), with whom they haunt dangerous and wild places, bhūtas are especially prominent in Śaivism, where large sections of certain tantras concentrate on them.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­391
g.­30

Black Lines

Wylie:
  • thig nag
Tibetan:
  • ཐིག་ནག
Sanskrit:
  • kālasūtra

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­287
g.­31

Blisters

Wylie:
  • chu bur can
Tibetan:
  • ཆུ་བུར་ཅན།
Sanskrit:
  • arbudha

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­32

Blower of Wind

Wylie:
  • rlung yang dag par ston pa
Tibetan:
  • རླུང་ཡང་དག་པར་སྟོན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­18
g.­33

Blue Lotus Eyes

Wylie:
  • ud pa la’i mig
Tibetan:
  • ཨུད་པ་ལའི་མིག
Sanskrit:
  • utpalanetra

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­4
g.­34

Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmā

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

A high-ranking deity presiding over a divine world; he is also considered to be the lord of the Sahā world (our universe). Though not considered a creator god in Buddhism, Brahmā occupies an important place as one of two gods (the other being Indra/Śakra) said to have first exhorted the Buddha Śākyamuni to teach the Dharma. The particular heavens found in the form realm over which Brahmā rules are often some of the most sought-after realms of higher rebirth in Buddhist literature. Since there are many universes or world systems, there are also multiple Brahmās presiding over them. His most frequent epithets are “Lord of the Sahā World” (sahāṃpati) and Great Brahmā (mahābrahman).

Located in 22 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­4
  • 1.­58
  • 1.­63
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 2.­16
  • 3.­40
  • 3.­156-157
  • 3.­299
  • 3.­418
  • 3.­530
  • 3.­656
  • 3.­667
  • 3.­690
  • 3.­763-764
  • 3.­794-797
  • g.­303
g.­35

Brahmā Realm

Wylie:
  • tshangs ris
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་རིས།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmakāyika

Located in 21 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­79
  • 3.­157
  • 3.­191
  • 3.­299
  • 3.­404-405
  • 3.­441
  • 3.­656
  • 3.­658-659
  • 3.­668
  • 3.­670
  • 3.­672
  • 3.­690
  • 3.­793
  • 3.­797
g.­36

Brahmadatta

Wylie:
  • tshangs pas byin
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པས་བྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmadatta

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­120-126
g.­37

Brahmadeva

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa’i lha
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པའི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmadeva

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­18
  • 3.­192
  • 3.­194
g.­38

Bṛhaspatideva

Wylie:
  • phur bu’i lha
Tibetan:
  • ཕུར་བུའི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • bṛhaspatideva

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­196-197
  • 3.­199-200
g.­39

Buddhimat

Wylie:
  • blo ldan
Tibetan:
  • བློ་ལྡན།
Sanskrit:
  • buddhimat

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­27
g.­40

Bursting Blisters

Wylie:
  • chu bur rdol ba
Tibetan:
  • ཆུ་བུར་རྡོལ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • nirarbudha

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­41

Butön

Wylie:
  • bu ston
Tibetan:
  • བུ་སྟོན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Butön Rinchen Drup (bu ston rin chen grub).

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • i.­17
  • n.­16
g.­42

Calm Thinker

Wylie:
  • rtog pa zhi ba
Tibetan:
  • རྟོག་པ་ཞི་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A minister, former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­414-415
g.­43

Cañcā

Wylie:
  • tsan tsa
Tibetan:
  • ཙན་ཙ།
Sanskrit:
  • cañcā

Edgerton identifies Cañcā as the name of a brahmin girl who appears in Buddhist sūtras such as the Laṇkāvatāra (BHSD, p. 222).

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­249
  • 2.­252-253
g.­44

Candra

Wylie:
  • zla ba
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • candra

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­45

Candradatta

Wylie:
  • zla sbyin
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་སྦྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • candradatta

Name of a past king in a story Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­249
g.­46

Candramati

Wylie:
  • zla ba’i blo gros
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བའི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • candramati

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­47

Causing Downpour

Wylie:
  • char chen spyod
Tibetan:
  • ཆར་ཆེན་སྤྱོད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­315
g.­48

Certain in the Dharma

Wylie:
  • chos la nges pa
Tibetan:
  • ཆོས་ལ་ངེས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­765-766
g.­49

Chattering Teeth

Wylie:
  • so thams thams
Tibetan:
  • སོ་ཐམས་ཐམས།
Sanskrit:
  • adada

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­50

Chief of All Beings

Wylie:
  • ’gro ba thams cad kyi gtso bo
Tibetan:
  • འགྲོ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་གཙོ་བོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a dance instructor in a story Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­234
g.­51

Chief Water God

Wylie:
  • gtso bo chu lha
Tibetan:
  • གཙོ་བོ་ཆུ་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a village chief in a story Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­187
  • 3.­189
g.­52

chiliocosm

Wylie:
  • stong gi ’jig rten gyi khams
Tibetan:
  • སྟོང་གི་འཇིག་རྟེན་གྱི་ཁམས།
Sanskrit:
  • sāhasralokadhātu

A “thousandfold universe,” also called a “first order chiliocosm” (spyi phud kyi ’jig rten gyi khams), “lesser chiliocosm” (chung ngu’i ’jig rten gyi khams, sāhasra­cūḍiko loka­dhātu), or “lower chiliocosm” (tha ma’i ’jig rten gyi khams), consisting of a thousand worlds each made up of their own Mount Meru, four continents, sun, moon, and god realms. Explained in 1.­264.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • 3.­416
  • g.­81
  • g.­373
g.­53

Chomden Rikpai Raldri

Wylie:
  • bcom ldan rig pa’i ral gri
Tibetan:
  • བཅོམ་ལྡན་རིག་པའི་རལ་གྲི།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • i.­17
  • n.­15
g.­54

Cloud Grove

Wylie:
  • sprin tshal
Tibetan:
  • སྤྲིན་ཚལ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A park where the buddha Voice Proclaiming the Cloud of Dharma resided.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­329
g.­55

Cloud of Intelligence

Wylie:
  • sprin kyi blo gros
Tibetan:
  • སྤྲིན་ཀྱི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­56

Cloud Proclaimer

Wylie:
  • sprin sgrogs
Tibetan:
  • སྤྲིན་སྒྲོགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A brahmin.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­430
g.­57

Condemner of the Afflictions

Wylie:
  • nyon mongs pa smod pa
Tibetan:
  • ཉོན་མོངས་པ་སྨོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­658-659
g.­58

Conqueror of All Darkness

Wylie:
  • mun pa thams cad ’joms pa
Tibetan:
  • མུན་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་འཇོམས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­533-534
g.­59

Conquest of the Enemy

Wylie:
  • dgra nges par bcom pa
Tibetan:
  • དགྲ་ངེས་པར་བཅོམ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­517
g.­60

correct understandings

Wylie:
  • so so yang dag par rig pa
Tibetan:
  • སོ་སོ་ཡང་དག་པར་རིག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • pratisaṃvid

Correct knowledge of meaning, Dharma, language, and eloquence.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­45
  • 1.­356
  • 1.­455
g.­61

Courageous Knowledge

Wylie:
  • shes pa dpa’ ba
Tibetan:
  • ཤེས་པ་དཔའ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­781
  • 3.­783
g.­62

Cracked Like Blue Lotus Flowers

Wylie:
  • ud pa la ltar gas pa
Tibetan:
  • ཨུད་པ་ལ་ལྟར་གས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • utpala

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­63

Cracked Like Lotus Flowers

Wylie:
  • pad ma ltar gas pa
Tibetan:
  • པད་མ་ལྟར་གས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • padma

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­64

Cracked Like Pink Lotus Flowers

Wylie:
  • ku mu da ltar gas pa
Tibetan:
  • ཀུ་མུ་ད་ལྟར་གས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • kumuda

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­65

Cracked Like Smooth Fragrant Flowers

Wylie:
  • me tog dri ngad ’jam ltar gas pa
Tibetan:
  • མེ་ཏོག་དྲི་ངད་འཇམ་ལྟར་གས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­66

Cracked Like Sweet Smelling Flowers

Wylie:
  • me tog dri zhim ltar gas pa
Tibetan:
  • མེ་ཏོག་དྲི་ཞིམ་ལྟར་གས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • sugandhapuṣpa

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­67

Cracked Like White Lotus Flowers

Wylie:
  • pad ma dkar po ltar gas pa
Tibetan:
  • པད་མ་དཀར་པོ་ལྟར་གས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • puṇḍarika

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­68

Crushing

Wylie:
  • bsdus gzhom
Tibetan:
  • བསྡུས་གཞོམ།
Sanskrit:
  • saṃghāta

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­287
  • 3.­451
g.­69

Dark Eyes

Wylie:
  • mig nag pa
Tibetan:
  • མིག་ནག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­18
g.­70

Dark Joy

Wylie:
  • sngo bsangs dga’
Tibetan:
  • སྔོ་བསངས་དགའ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of Devadatta in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­154
g.­71

Defeater of Darkness

Wylie:
  • mun pa ’joms
Tibetan:
  • མུན་པ་འཇོམས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­181
g.­72

Defeater of the Force of Evil

Wylie:
  • bdud kyi stobs rab tu ’joms pa
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་ཀྱི་སྟོབས་རབ་ཏུ་འཇོམས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­145-146
  • 3.­151
g.­73

degeneration

Wylie:
  • log par ltung ba
Tibetan:
  • ལོག་པར་ལྟུང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • vinipāta

An alternate term of reference for the lower states of cyclic existence (i.e., hell beings, starving spirits, and animals).

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­413
  • 3.­27
  • 3.­82
g.­74

Delightful Outcaste

Wylie:
  • gdol pa yid ’ong
Tibetan:
  • གདོལ་པ་ཡིད་འོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

The name of a past sage who was one of the Buddha’s previous incarnations.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­698
  • 3.­700
g.­75

demigod

Wylie:
  • lha ma yin
Tibetan:
  • ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།
Sanskrit:
  • asura

The traditional adversaries of the devas (gods) who are frequently portrayed in the brahmanical mythology as having a disruptive effect on cosmological and social harmony.

Located in 18 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­96
  • 1.­391
  • 2.­319
  • 3.­214
  • 3.­216
  • 3.­248
  • 3.­312
  • 3.­397
  • 3.­445
  • 3.­452
  • 3.­543
  • 3.­553
  • 3.­690
  • 3.­707
  • 3.­721
  • 3.­757
g.­76

Descendant of Bharadvāja

Wylie:
  • bha ra dwa’ dza dang rus gcig pa
Tibetan:
  • བྷ་ར་དྭའ་ཛ་དང་རུས་གཅིག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a brahmin, a former incarnation of Śāriputra in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­127
g.­77

Determiner of Things

Wylie:
  • dngos por nges par ’dzin pa
Tibetan:
  • དངོས་པོར་ངེས་པར་འཛིན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­649-652
g.­78

Dharaṇīdhara

Wylie:
  • sa ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • ས་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • dharaṇīdhara

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­539-540
g.­79

Dharmacārin

Wylie:
  • chos la spyod pa
Tibetan:
  • ཆོས་ལ་སྤྱོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • dharmacārin

A minister; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­649
  • 3.­653
g.­80

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Wylie:
  • yul ’khor srung
Tibetan:
  • ཡུལ་འཁོར་སྲུང་།
Sanskrit:
  • dhṛtarāṣṭra

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­138
g.­81

dichiliocosm

Wylie:
  • stong gnyis pa ’jig rten gyi khams
Tibetan:
  • སྟོང་གཉིས་པ་འཇིག་རྟེན་གྱི་ཁམས།
Sanskrit:
  • dvisāhasra­lokadhātu

A “twice thousandfold universe,” i.e., a millionfold universe, sometimes called a “second-order midsized-chiliocosm” (dvitīya­madhyama­sāhasra­loka­dhātu), consisting of a thousand chiliocosms (q.v.).

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • g.­373
g.­82

Dīpaṃkara

Wylie:
  • mar me mdzad
Tibetan:
  • མར་མེ་མཛད།
Sanskrit:
  • dīpaṃkara

A former buddha, who prophesied the awakening of Buddha Śākyamuni.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­536
  • 3.­619
  • 3.­640
  • n.­78
  • g.­241
  • g.­314
g.­83

Dispeller of Suffering

Wylie:
  • mya ngan sel ba
Tibetan:
  • མྱ་ངན་སེལ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­146
  • 3.­151-153
g.­84

Divine Moon

Wylie:
  • lha’i zla ba
Tibetan:
  • ལྷའི་ཟླ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­552
  • 3.­554
g.­85

Drop of Intelligence

Wylie:
  • thigs pa’i blo gros
Tibetan:
  • ཐིགས་པའི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­86

Druma

Wylie:
  • ljon pa
Tibetan:
  • ལྗོན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • druma

A prince; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­425-426
g.­87

eight aspects of the noble path

Wylie:
  • ’phags lam yan lag brgyad
Tibetan:
  • འཕགས་ལམ་ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད།
Sanskrit:
  • āryāṣṭaṅga­mārga

Eight factors whereby the training on the path of cultivation takes place.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­313
g.­88

eight liberations

Wylie:
  • rnam par thar pa brgyad
Tibetan:
  • རྣམ་པར་ཐར་པ་བརྒྱད།
Sanskrit:
  • aṣṭavimokṣa

The liberation of form observing form, the liberation of the formless observing form, the liberation of observing beauty, the liberation of infinite space, the liberation of infinite consciousness, the liberation of nothing whatsoever, the liberation of neither presence nor absence of perception, and the liberation of cessation.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­384
  • 3.­313-314
  • 3.­427
g.­89

eighteen unique qualities of a buddha

Wylie:
  • sangs rgyas kyi chos ma ’dres pa bco brgyad
Tibetan:
  • སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་མ་འདྲེས་པ་བཅོ་བརྒྱད།
Sanskrit:
  • aṣṭā­daśāveṇika­buddha­dharma

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

Eighteen special features of a buddha’s behavior, realization, activity, and wisdom that are not shared by other beings. They are generally listed as: (1) he never makes a mistake, (2) he is never boisterous, (3) he never forgets, (4) his concentration never falters, (5) he has no notion of distinctness, (6) his equanimity is not due to lack of consideration, (7) his motivation never falters, (8) his endeavor never fails, (9) his mindfulness never falters, (10) he never abandons his concentration, (11) his insight (prajñā) never decreases, (12) his liberation never fails, (13) all his physical actions are preceded and followed by wisdom (jñāna), (14) all his verbal actions are preceded and followed by wisdom, (15) all his mental actions are preceded and followed by wisdom, (16) his wisdom and vision perceive the past without attachment or hindrance, (17) his wisdom and vision perceive the future without attachment or hindrance, and (18) his wisdom and vision perceive the present without attachment or hindrance.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­411
g.­90

Elarāvaṇa

Wylie:
  • e la’i rA ba Na
Tibetan:
  • ཨེ་ལའི་རཱ་བ་ཎ།
Sanskrit:
  • elarāvaṇa

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­104
  • 2.­109
g.­91

Emerging Mounts

Wylie:
  • lhun po ’byung ba
Tibetan:
  • ལྷུན་པོ་འབྱུང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­465
  • 3.­470
g.­92

Encompassing Son

Wylie:
  • tshib pa’i bu
Tibetan:
  • ཚིབ་པའི་བུ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­114-115
g.­93

Endowed with the Power of Inspiration

Wylie:
  • mos pa’i stobs dang ldan pa
Tibetan:
  • མོས་པའི་སྟོབས་དང་ལྡན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva monk; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­517
  • 3.­521
g.­94

Engaging with Special Insight

Wylie:
  • lhag mthong spyad pa
Tibetan:
  • ལྷག་མཐོང་སྤྱད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­770
  • 3.­772
g.­95

Enjoyer of Various Worlds

Wylie:
  • ’jig rten sna tshogs la mngon par dga’ ba
Tibetan:
  • འཇིག་རྟེན་སྣ་ཚོགས་ལ་མངོན་པར་དགའ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a king; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­306-307
g.­96

Excellent Vision

Wylie:
  • spyan bzang
Tibetan:
  • སྤྱན་བཟང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a teacher; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­310-311
g.­97

Expert about Cessation of What is Possible

Wylie:
  • gnas ’gog pa la mkhas pa
Tibetan:
  • གནས་འགོག་པ་ལ་མཁས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­676
  • 3.­678
g.­98

Expert Annihilation

Wylie:
  • chad pa thog tu phebs pa
Tibetan:
  • ཆད་པ་ཐོག་ཏུ་ཕེབས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­102-104
  • 3.­111
g.­99

Expert on Experience and Shortcomings

Wylie:
  • ro myang ba dang nyes dmigs la mkhas pa
Tibetan:
  • རོ་མྱང་བ་དང་ཉེས་དམིགས་ལ་མཁས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­662
  • 3.­664
g.­100

Extractor of Thorns

Wylie:
  • zug rngu ’byin pa
Tibetan:
  • ཟུག་རྔུ་འབྱིན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • śalyahartā

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­15
g.­101

Eye of Virtue

Wylie:
  • dge ba’i mig
Tibetan:
  • དགེ་བའི་མིག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha realm.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­756
g.­102

factors of awakening

Wylie:
  • byang chub kyi phyogs kyi chos
Tibetan:
  • བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཆོས།
Sanskrit:
  • bodhipakṣa

See “thirty-seven factors of awakening.”

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­297
  • 1.­405
g.­103

faculty

Wylie:
  • dbang po
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • indriya

A term with a wide range of meanings. Often refers to one or all of the five faculties (faith, diligence, mindfulness, absorption, and knowledge) that are among the thirty-seven factors of awakening (q.v.); or to the five sense faculties; or to one of the twenty-two faculties (q.v.).

Located in 101 passages in the translation:

  • i.­9
  • 1.­21
  • 1.­49
  • 1.­108
  • 1.­120
  • 1.­132
  • 1.­144
  • 1.­156
  • 1.­276-286
  • 1.­288-317
  • 1.­333
  • 1.­359
  • 1.­365-370
  • 1.­374
  • 1.­376
  • 1.­405
  • 1.­411-412
  • 1.­432
  • 1.­458
  • 2.­16
  • 2.­44
  • 2.­51
  • 2.­59
  • 3.­24
  • 3.­47
  • 3.­167-168
  • 3.­278
  • 3.­291
  • 3.­406
  • 3.­418
  • 3.­539
  • 3.­574
  • 3.­577
  • 3.­581
  • 3.­589-597
  • 3.­601-603
  • 3.­665
  • 3.­667
  • 3.­761
  • 3.­782
  • n.­29-30
  • g.­270
  • g.­361
  • g.­363
g.­104

Famous Sound

Wylie:
  • sgra rnam par grags pa
Tibetan:
  • སྒྲ་རྣམ་པར་གྲགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A brahmin; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­581-583
  • 3.­588
g.­105

Fierce Howling

Wylie:
  • ngu ’bod gtum po
Tibetan:
  • ངུ་འབོད་གཏུམ་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • mahāraurava

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­287
g.­106

five fetters that accord with the lowest of the three realms

Wylie:
  • kun tu sbyor ba tha ma’i cha dang ’thun pa lnga
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་ཏུ་སྦྱོར་བ་ཐ་མའི་ཆ་དང་འཐུན་པ་ལྔ།
Sanskrit:
  • pañca āvarabhāgiya saṃyojanā

Five fetters to be abandoned: the view of the transitory collection, viewing discipline as supreme, and harboring doubt, desire, and ill will.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­370
g.­107

Flawless Eyes

Wylie:
  • mig nyams pa med pa
Tibetan:
  • མིག་ཉམས་པ་མེད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A monk; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­743
g.­108

Flower Bearer

Wylie:
  • me tog ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • མེ་ཏོག་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­4
g.­109

Flower Intelligence

Wylie:
  • me tog blo gros
Tibetan:
  • མེ་ཏོག་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­110

four abodes of Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa’i gnas bzhi
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པའི་གནས་བཞི།
Sanskrit:
  • catur­brahma­vihāra

Love, compassion, joy, and equanimity.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­191
  • 3.­404
g.­111

Free from All Suffering

Wylie:
  • mya ngan thams cad dang bral ba
Tibetan:
  • མྱ་ངན་ཐམས་ཅད་དང་བྲལ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 8 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­718-723
  • 3.­727
  • 3.­730
g.­112

Freed from All Fetters

Wylie:
  • bcings pa thams cad rnam par ’grol ba
Tibetan:
  • བཅིངས་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་རྣམ་པར་འགྲོལ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­387
  • 3.­391
g.­113

Friend of Beings

Wylie:
  • sems can gyi gnyen
Tibetan:
  • སེམས་ཅན་གྱི་གཉེན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­535
g.­114

gandharva

Wylie:
  • dri za
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་ཟ།
Sanskrit:
  • gandharva

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

A class of generally benevolent nonhuman beings who inhabit the skies, sometimes said to inhabit fantastic cities in the clouds, and more specifically to dwell on the eastern slopes of Mount Meru, where they are ruled by the Great King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. They are most renowned as celestial musicians who serve the gods. In the Abhidharma, the term is also used to refer to the mental body assumed by sentient beings during the intermediate state between death and rebirth. Gandharvas are said to live on fragrances (gandha) in the desire realm, hence the Tibetan translation dri za, meaning “scent eater.”

Located in 17 passages in the translation:

  • i.­13
  • 2.­15
  • 2.­17-18
  • 3.­179-180
  • 3.­294
  • 3.­336
  • 3.­442
  • 3.­553
  • 3.­599
  • 3.­669
  • 3.­721
  • 3.­726-727
  • g.­259
  • g.­290
g.­115

Ganges River

Wylie:
  • gang gA’i klung
Tibetan:
  • གང་གཱའི་ཀླུང་།
Sanskrit:
  • gaṅgā

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The Gaṅgā, or Ganges in English, is considered to be the most sacred river of India, particularly within the Hindu tradition. It starts in the Himalayas, flows through the northern plains of India, bathing the holy city of Vārāṇasī, and meets the sea at the Bay of Bengal, in Bangladesh. In the sūtras, however, this river is mostly mentioned not for its sacredness but for its abundant sands‍—noticeable still today on its many sandy banks and at its delta‍—which serve as a common metaphor for infinitely large numbers.

According to Buddhist cosmology, as explained in the Abhidharmakośa, it is one of the four rivers that flow from Lake Anavatapta and cross the southern continent of Jambudvīpa‍—the known human world or more specifically the Indian subcontinent.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­3
  • 3.­231
  • 3.­337
g.­116

garuḍa

Wylie:
  • nam mkha’ lding
Tibetan:
  • ནམ་མཁའ་ལྡིང་།
Sanskrit:
  • garuḍa

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

In Indian mythology, the garuḍa is an eagle-like bird that is regarded as the king of all birds, normally depicted with a sharp, owl-like beak, often holding a snake, and with large and powerful wings. They are traditionally enemies of the nāgas. In the Vedas, they are said to have brought nectar from the heavens to earth. Garuḍa can also be used as a proper name for a king of such creatures.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­391
  • 2.­15
  • 2.­246-247
g.­117

Gatherer

Wylie:
  • tshogs byed
Tibetan:
  • ཚོགས་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­282
g.­118

Gatherer of Myriad Creations

Wylie:
  • bzo sna tshogs stsogs pa
Tibetan:
  • བཟོ་སྣ་ཚོགས་སྩོགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a magician in a story Buddha tells; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­177
g.­119

Gatimān

Wylie:
  • rig pa dang ldan pa
Tibetan:
  • རིག་པ་དང་ལྡན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • gatimān

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­522-523
g.­120

Gautama

Wylie:
  • gau ta ma
Tibetan:
  • གཽ་ཏ་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • gautama

Name of a nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­126
g.­121

Ghaṭīkāra

Wylie:
  • rdza mkhan
Tibetan:
  • རྫ་མཁན།
Sanskrit:
  • ghaṭīkāra

Great lay follower of Buddha Kāśyapa.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­544
g.­122

Glorious Jewel

Wylie:
  • rin chen dpal
Tibetan:
  • རིན་ཆེན་དཔལ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­218
g.­123

God of Faculties

Wylie:
  • dbang po’i lha
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོའི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A priest; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­604-605
g.­124

Goddess of Speech

Wylie:
  • bla ba’i lha mo
Tibetan:
  • བླ་བའི་ལྷ་མོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A princess; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­591-592
g.­125

Golden Banner

Wylie:
  • gser gyi rgyal mtshan
Tibetan:
  • གསེར་གྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

King and sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­397
g.­126

Golden Crown

Wylie:
  • gser gtsug
Tibetan:
  • གསེར་གཙུག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­68
  • 2.­72
g.­127

Golden Light

Wylie:
  • gser ’od
Tibetan:
  • གསེར་འོད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

In a story the Buddha tells, this was the name of our continent countless eons ago.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­102
g.­128

Golden Throat

Wylie:
  • gser mgrin
Tibetan:
  • གསེར་མགྲིན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­144
g.­129

Gorgeous Heaven

Wylie:
  • shin tu mthong ba
Tibetan:
  • ཤིན་ཏུ་མཐོང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • sudarśana

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
g.­130

Great Heat

Wylie:
  • rab tu tsha ba
Tibetan:
  • རབ་ཏུ་ཚ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • pratāpana

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­287
g.­131

Great Ruler

Wylie:
  • dbang po chen po
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོ་ཆེན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­103
g.­132

Greater Heaven

Wylie:
  • che ba
Tibetan:
  • ཆེ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • bṛha

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­133

Groans

Wylie:
  • kyi hud zer
Tibetan:
  • ཀྱི་ཧུད་ཟེར།
Sanskrit:
  • huhuva

One of the cold hells

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­134

Guru

Wylie:
  • bla ma
Tibetan:
  • བླ་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­154
g.­135

hearer

Wylie:
  • nyan thos
Tibetan:
  • ཉན་ཐོས།
Sanskrit:
  • śrāvaka

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The Sanskrit term śrāvaka, and the Tibetan nyan thos, both derived from the verb “to hear,” are usually defined as “those who hear the teaching from the Buddha and make it heard to others.” Primarily this refers to those disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain the state of an arhat seeking their own liberation and nirvāṇa. They are the practitioners of the first turning of the wheel of the Dharma on the four noble truths, who realize the suffering inherent in saṃsāra and focus on understanding that there is no independent self. By conquering afflicted mental states (kleśa), they liberate themselves, attaining first the stage of stream enterers at the path of seeing, followed by the stage of once-returners who will be reborn only one more time, and then the stage of non-returners who will no longer be reborn into the desire realm. The final goal is to become an arhat. These four stages are also known as the “four results of spiritual practice.”

Located in 69 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­58-59
  • 1.­64
  • 1.­313
  • 1.­316
  • 1.­366
  • 1.­370
  • 2.­4-6
  • 2.­12
  • 2.­16
  • 2.­25
  • 2.­33
  • 2.­53
  • 2.­219
  • 3.­4
  • 3.­12
  • 3.­15
  • 3.­26
  • 3.­28
  • 3.­116
  • 3.­145-146
  • 3.­160-162
  • 3.­228-229
  • 3.­302
  • 3.­340
  • 3.­361
  • 3.­368
  • 3.­383
  • 3.­387
  • 3.­397
  • 3.­416
  • 3.­424
  • 3.­427
  • 3.­431
  • 3.­455
  • 3.­458
  • 3.­478
  • 3.­496
  • 3.­517-521
  • 3.­539-540
  • 3.­551
  • 3.­553
  • 3.­555
  • 3.­582
  • 3.­600
  • 3.­636
  • 3.­641
  • 3.­718
  • 3.­721-722
  • 3.­726-727
  • 3.­754
  • 3.­756
  • g.­249
  • g.­251
  • g.­343
  • g.­425
g.­136

Heat

Wylie:
  • tsha ba
Tibetan:
  • ཚ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • tāpana

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­287
g.­137

Heaven Free from Strife

Wylie:
  • ’thab bral
Tibetan:
  • འཐབ་བྲལ།
Sanskrit:
  • yāmā

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286-287
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­138

Heaven of Delighting in Emanations

Wylie:
  • ’phrul dga’
Tibetan:
  • འཕྲུལ་དགའ།
Sanskrit:
  • nirmāṇarati

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286-287
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­139

Heaven of Great Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa chen po
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པ་ཆེན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • mahābrahma

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­140

Heaven of Great Fruition

Wylie:
  • ’bras bu che
Tibetan:
  • འབྲས་བུ་ཆེ།
Sanskrit:
  • bṛhatphala

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­141

Heaven of Joy

Wylie:
  • dga’ ldan
Tibetan:
  • དགའ་ལྡན།
Sanskrit:
  • tuṣita

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

Tuṣita (or sometimes Saṃtuṣita), literally “Joyous” or “Contented,” is one of the six heavens of the desire realm (kāmadhātu). In standard classifications, such as the one in the Abhidharmakośa, it is ranked as the fourth of the six counting from below. This god realm is where all future buddhas are said to dwell before taking on their final rebirth prior to awakening. There, the Buddha Śākyamuni lived his preceding life as the bodhisattva Śvetaketu. When departing to take birth in this world, he appointed the bodhisattva Maitreya, who will be the next buddha of this eon, as his Dharma regent in Tuṣita. For an account of the Buddha’s previous life in Tuṣita, see The Play in Full (Toh 95), 2.12, and for an account of Maitreya’s birth in Tuṣita and a description of this realm, see The Sūtra on Maitreya’s Birth in the Heaven of Joy, (Toh 199).

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286-287
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­142

Heaven of Lesser Greatness

Wylie:
  • chung che
Tibetan:
  • ཆུང་ཆེ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­143

Heaven of Light

Wylie:
  • ’od
Tibetan:
  • འོད།
Sanskrit:
  • bhā

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­144

Heaven of Limited Light

Wylie:
  • ’od chung
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཆུང་།
Sanskrit:
  • parīttābhā

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­145

Heaven of Limited Virtue

Wylie:
  • chung dge
Tibetan:
  • ཆུང་དགེ
Sanskrit:
  • parīttaśubha

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
g.­146

Heaven of Limitless Greatness

Wylie:
  • tshad med che ba
Tibetan:
  • ཚད་མེད་ཆེ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • apramāṇabṛha

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­147

Heaven of Limitless Light

Wylie:
  • tshad med ’od
Tibetan:
  • ཚད་མེད་འོད།
Sanskrit:
  • apramāṇābha

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­148

Heaven of Limitless Virtue

Wylie:
  • tshad med dge
Tibetan:
  • ཚད་མེད་དགེ
Sanskrit:
  • apramāṇaśubha

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
g.­149

Heaven of Making Use of Others’ Emanations

Wylie:
  • gzhan ’phrul dbang byed pa
Tibetan:
  • གཞན་འཕྲུལ་དབང་བྱེད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • para­nirmita­vaśavartin

Located in 8 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286-287
  • 1.­391
  • 2.­189
  • 3.­690
g.­150

Heaven of No Hardship

Wylie:
  • mi gdung ba
Tibetan:
  • མི་གདུང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • atapa

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 3.­690
g.­151

Heaven of Perfected Virtue

Wylie:
  • dge rgyas
Tibetan:
  • དགེ་རྒྱས།
Sanskrit:
  • śubhakṛtsna

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­152

Heaven of the Four Great Kings

Wylie:
  • rgyal chen bzhi’i ris
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་ཆེན་བཞིའི་རིས།
Sanskrit:
  • catur­mahā­rājika

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

One of the heavens of Buddhist cosmology, lowest among the six heavens of the desire realm (kāmadhātu, ’dod khams). Dwelling place of the Four Great Kings (caturmahārāja, rgyal chen bzhi), traditionally located on a terrace of Sumeru, just below the Heaven of the Thirty-Three. Each cardinal direction is ruled by one of the Four Great Kings and inhabited by a different class of nonhuman beings as their subjects: in the east, Dhṛtarāṣṭra rules the gandharvas; in the south, Virūḍhaka rules the kumbhāṇḍas; in the west, Virūpākṣa rules the nāgas; and in the north, Vaiśravaṇa rules the yakṣas.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286-287
  • 1.­391
g.­153

Heaven of the High Priests of Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa’i mdun na ’don
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པའི་མདུན་ན་འདོན།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmapurohita

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­154

Heaven of the Retinue of Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa’i ’khor
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པའི་འཁོར།
Sanskrit:
  • brahmaparṣad

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
g.­155

Heaven of the Thirty-Three

Wylie:
  • sum cu rtsa gsum
Tibetan:
  • སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གསུམ།
Sanskrit:
  • trāyastriṃśa

Located in 12 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286-287
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­196
  • 3.­690
  • 3.­732
  • 3.­734
  • 3.­737
  • g.­304
g.­156

Heaven of Virtue

Wylie:
  • dge
Tibetan:
  • དགེ
Sanskrit:
  • śubha

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
g.­157

Heroine of Beings

Wylie:
  • ’gro ba’i dpa’ mo
Tibetan:
  • འགྲོ་བའི་དཔའ་མོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­234
  • 3.­247
g.­158

Highest Heaven

Wylie:
  • ’og min
Tibetan:
  • འོག་མིན།
Sanskrit:
  • akaniṣṭha

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The eighth and highest level of the Realm of Form (rūpadhātu), the last of the five pure abodes (śuddhāvāsa); it is only accessible as the result of specific states of dhyāna. According to some texts this is where non-returners (anāgāmin) dwell in their last lives. In other texts it is the realm of the enjoyment body (saṃbhoga­kāya) and is a buddhafield associated with the Buddha Vairocana; it is accessible only to bodhisattvas on the tenth level.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 3.­690
g.­159

Highest Practice

Wylie:
  • spyod pa bla ma
Tibetan:
  • སྤྱོད་པ་བླ་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­248
g.­160

Hill of Sages

Wylie:
  • drang srong gi ri
Tibetan:
  • དྲང་སྲོང་གི་རི།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A place said in this text to be in Rājagṛha, and therefore presumably not the Ṛṣipatana or Ṛṣivadana located outside Vārāṇasī.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­12
g.­161

Hiraṇyavatī

Wylie:
  • gser ldan
Tibetan:
  • གསེར་ལྡན།
Sanskrit:
  • hiraṇyavatī

Name of a sage, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­166
  • 3.­168-169
g.­162

Holder of Infinite Strength

Wylie:
  • mtha’ yas shugs ’chang
Tibetan:
  • མཐའ་ཡས་ཤུགས་འཆང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­756-760
g.­163

Honest Intelligence

Wylie:
  • blo gros drang po
Tibetan:
  • བློ་གྲོས་དྲང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A leader; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­686-688
g.­164

Howling

Wylie:
  • ngu ’bod
Tibetan:
  • ངུ་འབོད།
Sanskrit:
  • rāurava

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­287
g.­165

Humble Tranquility

Wylie:
  • shi gnas gus pa
Tibetan:
  • ཤི་གནས་གུས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a bodhisattva in a story Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­303-304
g.­166

Hundreds of Light Rays

Wylie:
  • ’od zer brgya pa
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཟེར་བརྒྱ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • sarvārtha­siddhi

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­742
g.­167

Immaculate Consecration

Wylie:
  • dri med dban bskur
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་དབན་བསྐུར།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king and sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 8 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­437-438
  • 3.­441
  • 3.­446
  • 3.­449
  • 3.­455-456
  • n.­61
g.­168

impossible

Wylie:
  • gnas ma yin
Tibetan:
  • གནས་མ་ཡིན།
Sanskrit:
  • asthāna

This terms refers to all that is unreasonable and cannot be expected to occur. Among the ten powers of a Buddha, the first is knowing what is tenable and untenable (Skt. sthānāsthāna, Tib. gnas dang gnas ma yin), i.e., the natural laws that govern the world in which we live.

Located in 24 passages in the translation:

  • i.­9
  • 1.­6
  • 1.­63-67
  • 1.­318
  • 1.­417
  • 2.­186
  • 2.­188-190
  • 3.­12-17
  • 3.­21-23
  • 3.­118
  • g.­361
g.­169

Incessant Pain

Wylie:
  • mnar med
Tibetan:
  • མནར་མེད།
Sanskrit:
  • avīci

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­287
  • 3.­362
g.­170

Incomparable Strength

Wylie:
  • shugs mthungs pa med pa
Tibetan:
  • ཤུགས་མཐུངས་པ་མེད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­573
  • 3.­580
g.­171

Indradatta

Wylie:
  • dbang pos byin
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོས་བྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • indradatta

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­15
g.­172

Inferior Class

Wylie:
  • rigs mchog ma yin pa
Tibetan:
  • རིགས་མཆོག་མ་ཡིན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a sage in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­158
g.­173

Infinite Vision

Wylie:
  • mtha’ yas gzigs
Tibetan:
  • མཐའ་ཡས་གཟིགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­251-252
  • 3.­254
g.­174

Innumerable

Wylie:
  • grangs las ’das pa
Tibetan:
  • གྲངས་ལས་འདས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­249-250
g.­175

Instiller of Understanding

Wylie:
  • kun tu go byed
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་ཏུ་གོ་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­654-657
g.­176

Intense Splendor

Wylie:
  • gzi brjid drag pa
Tibetan:
  • གཟི་བརྗིད་དྲག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a sage in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­166
g.­177

Irreproachable Renown

Wylie:
  • grags pa ma smad pa
Tibetan:
  • གྲགས་པ་མ་སྨད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­248
g.­178

Iśādhāra

Wylie:
  • gshol mda’ ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • གཤོལ་མདའ་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • iśādhāra

One of seven golden mountains enumerated in Abhidharma cosmology.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­793
g.­179

Jambhaka

Wylie:
  • rmugs byed
Tibetan:
  • རྨུགས་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • jambhaka

A name of a spirit or class of spirits; variously identified as a type of demon that lives in magical weapons or that causes illness.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­152
g.­180

Jāmbū River

Wylie:
  • ’dzam bu
Tibetan:
  • འཛམ་བུ།
Sanskrit:
  • jāmbū

A divine river whose gold is believed to be especially fine.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­480-482
  • 3.­598
g.­181

Jambūdvīpa

Wylie:
  • ’dzam bu gling
Tibetan:
  • འཛམ་བུ་གླིང་།
Sanskrit:
  • jambūdvīpa
  • jambudvīpa

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The name of the southern continent in Buddhist cosmology, which can signify either the known human world, or more specifically the Indian subcontinent, literally “the jambu island/continent.” Jambu is the name used for a range of plum-like fruits from trees belonging to the genus Szygium, particularly Szygium jambos and Szygium cumini, and it has commonly been rendered “rose apple,” although “black plum” may be a less misleading term. Among various explanations given for the continent being so named, one (in the Abhidharmakośa) is that a jambu tree grows in its northern mountains beside Lake Anavatapta, mythically considered the source of the four great rivers of India, and that the continent is therefore named from the tree or the fruit. Jambudvīpa has the Vajrāsana at its center and is the only continent upon which buddhas attain awakening.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286
  • 3.­102
  • 3.­554
g.­182

Jana­pada­kalyāṇī

Wylie:
  • yul gyi bzang mo
Tibetan:
  • ཡུལ་གྱི་བཟང་མོ།
Sanskrit:
  • jana­pada­kalyāṇī

Name of a princess in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­19
  • 3.­21
g.­183

Jayasena

Wylie:
  • rgyal ba’i sde
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བའི་སྡེ།
Sanskrit:
  • jayasena

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­34-36
  • 3.­251
  • 3.­256
g.­184

Jayasena the Swordsmith

Wylie:
  • mtshon mgar rgyal sde
Tibetan:
  • མཚོན་མགར་རྒྱལ་སྡེ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­251
  • 3.­254
  • 3.­258
g.­185

Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park

Wylie:
  • rgyal bu rgyal byed kyi tshal mgon med zas sbyin gyi kun dga’ ra ba
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བུ་རྒྱལ་བྱེད་ཀྱི་ཚལ་མགོན་མེད་ཟས་སྦྱིན་གྱི་ཀུན་དགའ་ར་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • jetavanam anāthapiṇḍadasyārāmaḥ AO

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

One of the first Buddhist monasteries, located in a park outside Śrāvastī, the capital of the ancient kingdom of Kośala in northern India. This park was originally owned by Prince Jeta, hence the name Jetavana, meaning Jeta’s grove. The wealthy merchant Anāthapiṇḍada, wishing to offer it to the Buddha, sought to buy it from him, but the prince, not wishing to sell, said he would only do so if Anāthapiṇḍada covered the entire property with gold coins. Anāthapiṇḍada agreed, and managed to cover all of the park except the entrance, hence the name Anāthapiṇḍadasyārāmaḥ, meaning Anāthapiṇḍada’s park. The place is usually referred to in the sūtras as “Jetavana, Anāthapiṇḍada’s park,” and according to the Saṃghabhedavastu the Buddha used Prince Jeta’s name in first place because that was Prince Jeta’s own unspoken wish while Anāthapiṇḍada was offering the park. Inspired by the occasion and the Buddha’s use of his name, Prince Jeta then offered the rest of the property and had an entrance gate built. The Buddha specifically instructed those who recite the sūtras to use Prince Jeta’s name in first place to commemorate the mutual effort of both benefactors.

Anāthapiṇḍada built residences for the monks, to house them during the monsoon season, thus creating the first Buddhist monastery. It was one of the Buddha’s main residences, where he spent around nineteen rainy season retreats, and it was therefore the setting for many of the Buddha’s discourses and events. According to the travel accounts of Chinese monks, it was still in use as a Buddhist monastery in the early fifth century ᴄᴇ, but by the sixth century it had been reduced to ruins.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­2
  • g.­276
  • g.­334
g.­186

Joyful Sight

Wylie:
  • dga’ mthong
Tibetan:
  • དགའ་མཐོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­598
  • 3.­600-601
g.­187

Joyous Moon

Wylie:
  • zla dga’
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་དགའ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A brahmin; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 15 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­717-731
g.­188

Jyotiṣprabhā

Wylie:
  • skar ’od
Tibetan:
  • སྐར་འོད།
Sanskrit:
  • jyotiṣprabhā

Name of a buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­205-206
  • 3.­211
  • 3.­213
g.­189

Kāla

Wylie:
  • nag po
Tibetan:
  • ནག་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • kāla

A nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­120
g.­190

Kambala

Wylie:
  • kam ba la
Tibetan:
  • ཀམ་བ་ལ།
Sanskrit:
  • kambala

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­132
  • 2.­136
g.­191

Kāruṇika

Wylie:
  • snying rje can
Tibetan:
  • སྙིང་རྗེ་ཅན།
Sanskrit:
  • kāruṇika

This name refers to two people in this text: (1) A captain; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva. (2) A prince; a former incarnation of the buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 9 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­202
  • 3.­204-206
  • 3.­211
  • 3.­214
  • 3.­262
  • 3.­525-526
g.­192

Kāśyapa

Wylie:
  • ’od srung
Tibetan:
  • འོད་སྲུང་།
Sanskrit:
  • kāśyapa

The buddha who preceded Buddha Śākyamuni.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­326
  • 3.­396
  • 3.­544
  • g.­121
g.­193

King Apex of Flawless Vision

Wylie:
  • dri med spyan tog gi rgyal po
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་སྤྱན་ཏོག་གི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­116-118
g.­194

King of Banyan Trees

Wylie:
  • nya gro dha’i rgyal po
Tibetan:
  • ཉ་གྲོ་དྷའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­457
  • 3.­459
  • 3.­471-473
  • 3.­479
g.­195

kinnara

Wylie:
  • mi’am ci
Tibetan:
  • མིའམ་ཅི།
Sanskrit:
  • kinnara

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

A class of nonhuman beings that resemble humans to the degree that their very name‍—which means “is that human?”‍—suggests some confusion as to their divine status. Kinnaras are mythological beings found in both Buddhist and Brahmanical literature, where they are portrayed as creatures half human, half animal. They are often depicted as highly skilled celestial musicians.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­391
  • 3.­335
  • 3.­442
  • 3.­553
g.­196

Knower of Existence

Wylie:
  • srid pa shes pa rtogs pa
Tibetan:
  • སྲིད་པ་ཤེས་པ་རྟོགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king and sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­682
  • 3.­685
g.­197

Knower of the Origin as Related to Knowledge of the Past

Wylie:
  • sngon kyi mtha’ shes pa kun ’byung ba shes pa yongs su rtogs pa
Tibetan:
  • སྔོན་ཀྱི་མཐའ་ཤེས་པ་ཀུན་འབྱུང་བ་ཤེས་པ་ཡོངས་སུ་རྟོགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­667-668
g.­198

Knower of the Past

Wylie:
  • sngon kyi mtha’ shes pa yongs su rtogs pa
Tibetan:
  • སྔོན་ཀྱི་མཐའ་ཤེས་པ་ཡོངས་སུ་རྟོགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­665-666
g.­199

Knower of the Vedas

Wylie:
  • rig byed shes pa
Tibetan:
  • རིག་བྱེད་ཤེས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­826
  • 3.­838
  • 3.­843
g.­200

Kośala

Wylie:
  • ko sa la
Tibetan:
  • ཀོ་ས་ལ།
Sanskrit:
  • kośala

An ancient Indian kingdom located in present day Uttar Pradesh.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­1
g.­201

Kṣemaṅkara

Wylie:
  • bde mdzad
Tibetan:
  • བདེ་མཛད།
Sanskrit:
  • kṣemaṅkara

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­517
g.­202

Kṣemaṅkara

Wylie:
  • bde byed
Tibetan:
  • བདེ་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • kṣemaṅkara

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­203

kumbhāṇḍa

Wylie:
  • grul bum
Tibetan:
  • གྲུལ་བུམ།
Sanskrit:
  • kumbhāṇḍa

A class of dwarf beings subordinate to the Guardian King of the South. The name uses a play on the word āṇḍa, which means “egg” but is a euphemism for “testicle.” Thus, they are often depicted as having testicles as big as pots (from khumba, or “pot”).

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­15
  • 2.­255
  • 2.­258
  • 3.­726
g.­204

Lamentations

Wylie:
  • a chu zer ba
Tibetan:
  • ཨ་ཆུ་ཟེར་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • huhuva

One of the cold hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­288
g.­205

Layers of Jewel Flowers

Wylie:
  • rin po che’i me tog brtsegs pa
Tibetan:
  • རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་མེ་ཏོག་བརྩེགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­102
g.­206

league

Wylie:
  • dpag tshad
Tibetan:
  • དཔག་ཚད།
Sanskrit:
  • yojana

An ancient measure of distance that has been defined variously, ranging from two to nine miles.

Located in 15 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­2
  • 3.­34
  • 3.­102
  • 3.­181
  • 3.­382
  • 3.­404
  • 3.­500-502
  • 3.­582
  • 3.­598
  • 3.­628
  • 3.­724-725
  • 3.­727
g.­207

Liberator of All

Wylie:
  • thams cad sgrol ba
Tibetan:
  • ཐམས་ཅད་སྒྲོལ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­112
g.­208

Light Superior to the Moon

Wylie:
  • zla ba bas lhag pa’i ’od
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བ་བས་ལྷག་པའི་འོད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­409
  • 3.­413
g.­209

Lion Intelligence

Wylie:
  • seng ge’i blo gros
Tibetan:
  • སེང་གེའི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­602-603
g.­210

Listening Practice

Wylie:
  • thos spyod
Tibetan:
  • ཐོས་སྤྱོད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­12
g.­211

Lokapradīpa

Wylie:
  • ’jig rten sgron ma
Tibetan:
  • འཇིག་རྟེན་སྒྲོན་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • lokapradīpa

Name of a buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­282
  • 3.­286
g.­212

Lokapradyota

Wylie:
  • ’jig rten sgron ma
Tibetan:
  • འཇིག་རྟེན་སྒྲོན་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • lokapradyota

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­555-556
g.­213

Lokāyata

Wylie:
  • ’jig rten rgyang ’phen pa
Tibetan:
  • འཇིག་རྟེན་རྒྱང་འཕེན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • lokāyata

An ancient school of Indian philosophy whose doctrine, outlined primarily in the Bārhaspatya Sūtras, is characterized by atheism and a strict form of materialism; also known as the Cārvāka.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­152
  • 3.­218-219
  • 3.­386
  • 3.­430
  • 3.­717
g.­214

Lord of Death

Wylie:
  • gshin rje
Tibetan:
  • གཤིན་རྗེ།
Sanskrit:
  • yāma

From Vedic times, the Lord of Death who directs the departed into the next realm of rebirth.

Located in 18 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­92
  • 1.­96
  • 1.­391
  • 1.­394
  • 3.­192
  • 3.­214
  • 3.­216
  • 3.­248
  • 3.­298
  • 3.­397
  • 3.­457
  • 3.­543
  • 3.­634
  • 3.­690
  • 3.­707
  • 3.­757
g.­215

Loving All Beings

Wylie:
  • byung po kun la brtse ba dang ldan pa
Tibetan:
  • བྱུང་པོ་ཀུན་ལ་བརྩེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A captain; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­530-531
  • 3.­533-534
g.­216

Luminous Heaven

Wylie:
  • ’od gsal
Tibetan:
  • འོད་གསལ།
Sanskrit:
  • ābhāsvara

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 1.­391
  • 3.­690
  • 3.­793
  • 3.­795
g.­217

Luminous Wisdom Lamp

Wylie:
  • ye shes gsal ba’i mgron
Tibetan:
  • ཡེ་ཤེས་གསལ་བའི་མགྲོན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­26
g.­218

Magnificent

Wylie:
  • kun nas mdzes pa
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་ནས་མཛེས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­402
  • 3.­404-405
g.­219

Mahācandra

Wylie:
  • zla chen
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་ཆེན།
Sanskrit:
  • mahācandra

A nāga king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­269
  • 2.­275
  • 2.­278
g.­220

Mahā­maudgalyāyana

Wylie:
  • mod gal gyi bu chen po
Tibetan:
  • མོད་གལ་གྱི་བུ་ཆེན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • mahā­maudgalyāyana

One of the closest disciples of the Buddha, known for his miraculous abilities.

Located in 19 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­24
  • 2.­26-32
  • 2.­34-35
  • 3.­1-3
  • 3.­15
  • 3.­640
  • 3.­853-854
  • n.­34
  • g.­232
g.­221

Mahāmegha

Wylie:
  • sprin chen
Tibetan:
  • སྤྲིན་ཆེན།
Sanskrit:
  • mahāmegha

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­214
g.­222

Mahāprabha

Wylie:
  • ’od chen
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཆེན།
Sanskrit:
  • mahāprabha

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­186
  • 2.­191
g.­223

Mahāprabha

Wylie:
  • ’od chen po
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཆེན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • mahāprabha

Name of a past king in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­166
  • 3.­168
g.­224

Mahāyasyā

Wylie:
  • grags chen
Tibetan:
  • གྲགས་ཆེན།
Sanskrit:
  • mahāyasyā

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­732
g.­225

Maheśvara

Wylie:
  • dbang phyug chen po
Tibetan:
  • དབང་ཕྱུག་ཆེན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • maheśvara

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­226

mahoraga

Wylie:
  • lto ’phye chen po
Tibetan:
  • ལྟོ་འཕྱེ་ཆེན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • mahoraga

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

Literally “great serpents,” mahoragas are supernatural beings depicted as large, subterranean beings with human torsos and heads and the lower bodies of serpents. Their movements are said to cause earthquakes, and they make up a class of subterranean geomantic spirits whose movement through the seasons and months of the year is deemed significant for construction projects.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­391
  • 3.­335
  • 3.­442
  • 3.­553
g.­227

Manasvin

Wylie:
  • gzi can
Tibetan:
  • གཟི་ཅན།
Sanskrit:
  • manasvin

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­167
  • 2.­172
g.­228

Māra

Wylie:
  • bdud
Tibetan:
  • བདུད།
Sanskrit:
  • māra

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

Māra, literally “death” or “maker of death,” is the name of the deva who tried to prevent the Buddha from achieving awakening, the name given to the class of beings he leads, and also an impersonal term for the destructive forces that keep beings imprisoned in saṃsāra:

(1) As a deva, Māra is said to be the principal deity in the Heaven of Making Use of Others’ Emanations (paranirmitavaśavartin), the highest paradise in the desire realm. He famously attempted to prevent the Buddha’s awakening under the Bodhi tree‍—see The Play in Full (Toh 95), 21.1‍—and later sought many times to thwart the Buddha’s activity. In the sūtras, he often also creates obstacles to the progress of śrāvakas and bodhisattvas. (2) The devas ruled over by Māra are collectively called mārakāyika or mārakāyikadevatā, the “deities of Māra’s family or class.” In general, these māras too do not wish any being to escape from saṃsāra, but can also change their ways and even end up developing faith in the Buddha, as exemplified by Sārthavāha; see The Play in Full (Toh 95), 21.14 and 21.43. (3) The term māra can also be understood as personifying four defects that prevent awakening, called (i) the divine māra (devaputra­māra), which is the distraction of pleasures; (ii) the māra of Death (mṛtyumāra), which is having one’s life interrupted; (iii) the māra of the aggregates (skandhamāra), which is identifying with the five aggregates; and (iv) the māra of the afflictions (kleśamāra), which is being under the sway of the negative emotions of desire, hatred, and ignorance.

Located in 51 passages in the translation:

  • i.­17-18
  • 1.­58
  • 1.­63
  • 2.­152
  • 2.­168
  • 2.­228-229
  • 2.­259
  • 2.­270
  • 2.­282-289
  • 2.­308-309
  • 2.­311
  • 2.­314
  • 3.­33
  • 3.­246
  • 3.­355
  • 3.­357
  • 3.­379
  • 3.­395
  • 3.­453
  • 3.­486
  • 3.­556-559
  • 3.­564-568
  • 3.­570
  • 3.­583
  • 3.­634
  • 3.­641-642
  • 3.­646
  • 3.­648
  • 3.­699
  • 3.­746
  • 3.­754
  • 3.­842
  • g.­405
g.­229

Māra Faith

Wylie:
  • bdud dad pa
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་དད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­641-642
g.­230

Master of Brahmā

Wylie:
  • tshangs pa’i bla ma
Tibetan:
  • ཚངས་པའི་བླ་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­522
g.­231

Master of the Three Realms

Wylie:
  • ’jig rten gsum gyi bla ma
Tibetan:
  • འཇིག་རྟེན་གསུམ་གྱི་བླ་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­218-223
  • 3.­226
g.­232

Maudgalyāyana

Wylie:
  • maud gal gyi bu
Tibetan:
  • མཽད་གལ་གྱི་བུ།
Sanskrit:
  • maudgalyāyana

Same as Mahā­maudgalyāyana.

Located in 306 passages in the translation:

  • s.­1
  • i.­14-15
  • 2.­24
  • 2.­26
  • 2.­30
  • 2.­53-54
  • 2.­56
  • 3.­2-4
  • 3.­12
  • 3.­15-18
  • 3.­21-22
  • 3.­24-28
  • 3.­32-34
  • 3.­101-102
  • 3.­111-112
  • 3.­115-116
  • 3.­119-120
  • 3.­122
  • 3.­124
  • 3.­126-127
  • 3.­144-145
  • 3.­151
  • 3.­154-160
  • 3.­164-166
  • 3.­168
  • 3.­174-175
  • 3.­177-183
  • 3.­185-187
  • 3.­191-192
  • 3.­194-196
  • 3.­200-202
  • 3.­214-215
  • 3.­218
  • 3.­230-234
  • 3.­247-251
  • 3.­258-259
  • 3.­261-264
  • 3.­266-267
  • 3.­280-281
  • 3.­287-288
  • 3.­296-298
  • 3.­300-302
  • 3.­304-312
  • 3.­314-316
  • 3.­326-328
  • 3.­338-341
  • 3.­349-350
  • 3.­360-361
  • 3.­363-365
  • 3.­367-368
  • 3.­381-382
  • 3.­385-386
  • 3.­396-397
  • 3.­400-402
  • 3.­405-409
  • 3.­413-416
  • 3.­423-424
  • 3.­426-427
  • 3.­429-430
  • 3.­436-437
  • 3.­456-458
  • 3.­495-496
  • 3.­516-517
  • 3.­521-532
  • 3.­534-543
  • 3.­550-551
  • 3.­553-554
  • 3.­571-572
  • 3.­580-581
  • 3.­588-591
  • 3.­593-594
  • 3.­596-598
  • 3.­601-608
  • 3.­619-620
  • 3.­634-635
  • 3.­639-641
  • 3.­648-649
  • 3.­653-654
  • 3.­657-662
  • 3.­664-676
  • 3.­678-679
  • 3.­681-682
  • 3.­685-686
  • 3.­688-689
  • 3.­694-695
  • 3.­697-698
  • 3.­700-701
  • 3.­706-707
  • 3.­711-712
  • 3.­716-717
  • 3.­731-732
  • 3.­741-744
  • 3.­755-756
  • 3.­760-761
  • 3.­764-770
  • 3.­772-773
  • 3.­776-777
  • 3.­780-781
  • 3.­783-784
  • 3.­786-787
  • 3.­809-810
  • 3.­815-816
  • 3.­820-821
  • 3.­825-826
  • 3.­843-844
  • 3.­846-849
  • 3.­851-853
g.­233

Moon Eyebrows

Wylie:
  • zla ba’i smin ma
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བའི་སྨིན་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a brahmin, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­218-219
  • 3.­221-223
  • 3.­227
  • 3.­230
g.­234

Moon God

Wylie:
  • zla ba’i lha
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བའི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­591-593
g.­235

Mountain Banner of Joy

Wylie:
  • lhun po rgyal mtshan dga’
Tibetan:
  • ལྷུན་པོ་རྒྱལ་མཚན་དགའ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

City where a buddha resides.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­499
  • 3.­502
  • 3.­504
g.­236

Nanda

Wylie:
  • dga’ bo
Tibetan:
  • དགའ་བོ།
Sanskrit:
  • nanda

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­85-86
g.­237

Nārāyaṇa

Wylie:
  • sred med bu
Tibetan:
  • སྲེད་མེད་བུ།
Sanskrit:
  • nārāyaṇa

A future buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­324
g.­238

Nectar Proclaimer

Wylie:
  • bdud rtsi’i dbyangs sgrogs
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་རྩིའི་དབྱངས་སྒྲོགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­267-268
  • 3.­278
g.­239

Nīlagrīva

Wylie:
  • mgrin sngon
Tibetan:
  • མགྲིན་སྔོན།
Sanskrit:
  • nīlagrīva

A nāga king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­153
  • 2.­155
  • 2.­160
g.­240

nine vindictive attitudes

Wylie:
  • mnar sems kyi dngos po dgu
Tibetan:
  • མནར་སེམས་ཀྱི་དངོས་པོ་དགུ
Sanskrit:
  • —

Thinking that one’s enemy has harmed, is harming, or will harm oneself; thinking that one’s enemy has harmed, is harming, or will harm one’s friend; and thinking that someone has helped, is helping, or will help one’s enemy.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­188
  • 1.­200
g.­241

Nityodyukta

Wylie:
  • rtag tu brtson
Tibetan:
  • རྟག་ཏུ་བརྩོན།
Sanskrit:
  • nityodyukta

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the buddha Dīpaṃkara.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­535-536
g.­242

Noble Fame

Wylie:
  • grags ’phags
Tibetan:
  • གྲགས་འཕགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­328-329
  • 3.­338
g.­243

Noble Fame

Wylie:
  • grags ’phags
Tibetan:
  • གྲགས་འཕགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­821
g.­244

Noble Light

Wylie:
  • ’od ’phags
Tibetan:
  • འོད་འཕགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­527-528
g.­245

Noble Peace

Wylie:
  • nye bar zhi ’phag
Tibetan:
  • ཉེ་བར་ཞི་འཕག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­541
g.­246

Noble Splendor

Wylie:
  • gzi brjid drag pa
Tibetan:
  • གཟི་བརྗིད་དྲག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­745-746
  • 3.­748-749
  • 3.­755
g.­247

Non-Abiding Action

Wylie:
  • mi gnas pa’i spyod pa
Tibetan:
  • མི་གནས་པའི་སྤྱོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­12
g.­248

Non-Deficiency of Mind

Wylie:
  • sems kyi mi dman pa
Tibetan:
  • སེམས་ཀྱི་མི་དམན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­432
  • 3.­434-436
g.­249

non-returner

Wylie:
  • phyir mi ’ong ba
Tibetan:
  • ཕྱིར་མི་འོང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • anāgāmin

The third level of the Noble Ones when practicing the path of the hearers (bound to never be reborn).

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­301
  • 1.­370
  • 2.­16
  • 3.­582
g.­250

Obstinate Force of Evil

Wylie:
  • bdud stobs bsnyen par dka’
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་སྟོབས་བསྙེན་པར་དཀའ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a god in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­222
  • 2.­229
  • 2.­264
g.­251

once-returner

Wylie:
  • lan cig phyir ’ong ba
Tibetan:
  • ལན་ཅིག་ཕྱིར་འོང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • sakṛdāgāmin

The second level of the Noble Ones when practicing the path of the hearers (bound to be born again no more than once).

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­301
  • 1.­370
  • 3.­582
g.­252

One Who Dwells in Devotion to the Non-Abiding Melody

Wylie:
  • gnas med pa’i sgra dbyangs la lhag par mos pa yang dag par gnas pa
Tibetan:
  • གནས་མེད་པའི་སྒྲ་དབྱངས་ལ་ལྷག་པར་མོས་པ་ཡང་དག་པར་གནས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­428-429
g.­253

One Who Makes No Promises

Wylie:
  • dam ’cha’ bar mi mdzad pa
Tibetan:
  • དམ་འཆའ་བར་མི་མཛད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­112
g.­254

One Who Satisfies the Kingdom with Rain from Dharma Clouds

Wylie:
  • chos kyi sprin gyi char gyis ryal srid shin tu tshim pa
Tibetan:
  • ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྤྲིན་གྱི་ཆར་གྱིས་རྱལ་སྲིད་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཚིམ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­427-428
g.­255

ordination stick

Wylie:
  • tshul shing
Tibetan:
  • ཚུལ་ཤིང་།
Sanskrit:
  • śalākā

A bamboo stick given to monks, listing their ordination name as a means of identification.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­11
g.­256

Origin

Wylie:
  • kun ’byung
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་འབྱུང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­594
  • 3.­596
  • n.­92
g.­257

Pacifier of Existence

Wylie:
  • srid pa zhi byed
Tibetan:
  • སྲིད་པ་ཞི་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­777-778
  • 3.­780
g.­258

Paltsek

Wylie:
  • dpal brtsegs
Tibetan:
  • དཔལ་བརྩེགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

Paltsek (eighth to early ninth century), from the village of Kawa north of Lhasa, was one of Tibet’s preeminent translators. He was one of the first seven Tibetans to be ordained by Śāntarakṣita and is counted as one of Guru Rinpoché’s twenty-five close disciples. In a famous verse by Ngok Lotsawa Loden Sherab, Kawa Paltsek is named along with Chokro Lui Gyaltsen and Zhang (or Nanam) Yeshé Dé as part of a group of translators whose skills were surpassed only by Vairotsana.

He translated works from a wide variety of genres, including sūtra, śāstra, vinaya, and tantra, and was an author himself. Paltsek was also one of the most important editors of the early period, one of nine translators installed by Tri Songdetsen (r. 755–797/800) to supervise the translation of the Tripiṭaka and help catalog translated works for the first two of three imperial catalogs, the Denkarma (ldan kar ma) and the Samyé Chimpuma (bsam yas mchims phu ma). In the colophons of his works, he is often known as Paltsek Rakṣita (rak+Shi ta).

In this text:

Tibetan editor of this sūtra.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • i.­2
  • c.­1
  • n.­3
g.­259

Pañcaśikha

Wylie:
  • gtsug phud lnga pa
Tibetan:
  • གཙུག་ཕུད་ལྔ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • pañcaśikha

A gandharva who is employed by Śakra to serve the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­17
g.­260

Path Giver

Wylie:
  • lam byin
Tibetan:
  • ལམ་བྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­671-672
g.­261

Peaceful Action

Wylie:
  • spyod pa zhi ba
Tibetan:
  • སྤྱོད་པ་ཞི་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­288
  • 3.­296
g.­262

Perceiving the Nature of All Beings

Wylie:
  • sems cang thams cad kyi rang bzhin gyi rjes su ’jug pa
Tibetan:
  • སེམས་ཅང་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་རང་བཞིན་གྱི་རྗེས་སུ་འཇུག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­761
  • 3.­764
g.­263

piśāca

Wylie:
  • sha za
Tibetan:
  • ཤ་ཟ།
Sanskrit:
  • piśāca

A flesh-eating demon, or a demon who can possess the body of a human and cause various illnesses or insanity. They are often depicted as red-eyed, dark-skinned, bulging-eyed creatures, although they seem to be able to assume many shapes.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­391
  • 3.­120-124
g.­264

Possessor of Myriad Knowledges

Wylie:
  • shes pa sna tshogs yod pa
Tibetan:
  • ཤེས་པ་སྣ་ཚོགས་ཡོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a teacher in a story the Buddha tells; a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­159
g.­265

possible

Wylie:
  • gnas
Tibetan:
  • གནས།
Sanskrit:
  • sthāna

This terms refers to all that is reasonable and can be expected to occur. Among the ten powers of a Buddha, the first is knowing what is tenable and untenable (Skt. sthānāsthāna, Tib. gnas dang gnas ma yin), i.e., the natural laws that govern the world in which we live.

Located in 28 passages in the translation:

  • i.­9
  • 1.­5
  • 1.­58-62
  • 1.­317
  • 1.­379
  • 1.­381
  • 1.­416
  • 3.­1
  • 3.­3-7
  • 3.­9-10
  • 3.­118
  • 3.­164
  • 3.­673
  • 3.­676-679
  • 3.­682
  • g.­361
g.­266

Power Holder

Wylie:
  • stobs ’chang
Tibetan:
  • སྟོབས་འཆང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a past king in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­217
g.­267

Power Wielder

Wylie:
  • shugs ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • ཤུགས་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­288
g.­268

Powerful Intelligence

Wylie:
  • shugs kyi blo gros
Tibetan:
  • ཤུགས་ཀྱི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­269

Powerful Victory Banner

Wylie:
  • dbang po rgyal mtshan
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོ་རྒྱལ་མཚན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­55
g.­270

powers

Wylie:
  • stobs
Tibetan:
  • སྟོབས།
Sanskrit:
  • bala

Usually refers to the five powers: faith, diligence, mindfulness, absorption, and knowledge; although the same qualities as the five faculties, they are termed powers due to their greater strength. In some passages, there are two more powers: skillful means and devotion. In some cases, “powers” might refer to the ten powers of tathāgatas, q.v.

Located in 29 passages in the translation:

  • i.­10
  • i.­14
  • 1.­22
  • 1.­46
  • 1.­313
  • 1.­334
  • 1.­375-376
  • 1.­378
  • 1.­411
  • 1.­433
  • 3.­13
  • 3.­162
  • 3.­210
  • 3.­379
  • 3.­602-606
  • 3.­608
  • 3.­611
  • 3.­613
  • 3.­619
  • 3.­647
  • 3.­755
  • n.­34
  • g.­361
  • g.­363
g.­271

Practicing Detachment

Wylie:
  • dben par spyod pa
Tibetan:
  • དབེན་པར་སྤྱོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a teacher in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­157
g.­272

Prajāpati

Wylie:
  • skye gu’i bdag po
Tibetan:
  • སྐྱེ་གུའི་བདག་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • prajāpati

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­273

Prajñāvarman

Wylie:
  • pra dza+nyA bar ma
Tibetan:
  • པྲ་ཛྙཱ་བར་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • prajñāvarma

Indian scholar and translator of the sūtra. He lived during the eighth century and came to Tibet on the invitation of King Trisong Detsen. He contributed to the translation of 77 Buddhist works from Sanskrit into Tibetan during his stay in Tibet.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • i.­2
  • c.­1
g.­274

Pratāpana

Wylie:
  • rab tu gdung byed
Tibetan:
  • རབ་ཏུ་གདུང་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • pratāpana

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­194
g.­275

Prince Jeta

Wylie:
  • rgyal bu rgyal byed
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བུ་རྒྱལ་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • rājakumāra jeta

Prince who sold a piece of land in Śrāvastī to the householder Anāthapiṇḍada, who built a monastery there and offered it to the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­1
g.­276

Prince Jeta’s Grove

Wylie:
  • rgyal bu rgyal byed kyi tshal
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བུ་རྒྱལ་བྱེད་ཀྱི་ཚལ།
Sanskrit:
  • jetavana

See “Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park.”

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­5
  • 2.­12
  • 2.­28
g.­277

Proclaimer of Fame

Wylie:
  • grags pa bsgrags pa
Tibetan:
  • གྲགས་པ་བསྒྲགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­361-362
g.­278

Profound Intelligence

Wylie:
  • blo gros zab mo
Tibetan:
  • བློ་གྲོས་ཟབ་མོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­390
  • 3.­396
g.­279

Pure Intellect

Wylie:
  • blo gros dag pa
Tibetan:
  • བློ་གྲོས་དག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­365
  • 3.­414
g.­280

Pure Intelligence

Wylie:
  • blo gros gtsang ma
Tibetan:
  • བློ་གྲོས་གཙང་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­669-670
g.­281

Pure Mind

Wylie:
  • thugs dag
Tibetan:
  • ཐུགས་དག
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a future buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­306
g.­282

Pūrṇa

Wylie:
  • gang po
Tibetan:
  • གང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • pūrṇa

A monk and disciple of the Buddha. At least six different disciples in the canonical texts have this name (see n.­7), but the Pūrṇa in this text is likely to be the same Pūrṇa as in The Exemplary Tale of Pūrṇa (see i.­5).

Located in 25 passages in the translation:

  • s.­1
  • i.­5-6
  • i.­8-13
  • i.­15
  • 1.­2-4
  • 2.­1-5
  • n.­6-8
  • n.­10
  • n.­12
  • n.­23
  • n.­25
g.­283

Pūrvavideha

Wylie:
  • lus ’phags
Tibetan:
  • ལུས་འཕགས།
Sanskrit:
  • pūrvavideha

The continent to the east.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286
g.­284

Rabbit Words

Wylie:
  • ri bong tshig
Tibetan:
  • རི་བོང་ཚིག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­416-420
  • 3.­423
g.­285

Radiant

Wylie:
  • ’od byed
Tibetan:
  • འོད་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a past king in a story the Buddha tells, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­288
  • 3.­296
g.­286

Rāhu

Wylie:
  • sgra gcan
Tibetan:
  • སྒྲ་གཅན།
Sanskrit:
  • rāhu

A demon who is supposed to seize the sun and moon and thus cause eclipses.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­452
g.­287

Rainfall from the Clouds of Dharma

Wylie:
  • chos kyi sprin gyi char rab tu ’babs pa
Tibetan:
  • ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྤྲིན་གྱི་ཆར་རབ་ཏུ་འབབས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­539-540
g.­288

Rājagṛha

Wylie:
  • rgyal po’i khab
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་པོའི་ཁབ།
Sanskrit:
  • rājagṛha

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The ancient capital of Magadha prior to its relocation to Pāṭaliputra during the Mauryan dynasty, Rājagṛha is one of the most important locations in Buddhist history. The literature tells us that the Buddha and his saṅgha spent a considerable amount of time in residence in and around Rājagṛha‍—in nearby places, such as the Vulture Peak Mountain (Gṛdhrakūṭaparvata), a major site of the Mahāyāna sūtras, and the Bamboo Grove (Veṇuvana)‍—enjoying the patronage of King Bimbisāra and then of his son King Ajātaśatru. Rājagṛha is also remembered as the location where the first Buddhist monastic council was held after the Buddha Śākyamuni passed into parinirvāṇa. Now known as Rajgir and located in the modern Indian state of Bihar.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­12
  • g.­160
g.­289

rākṣasa

Wylie:
  • srin po
Tibetan:
  • སྲིན་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • rākṣasa

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

A class of nonhuman beings that are often, but certainly not always, considered demonic in the Buddhist tradition. They are often depicted as flesh-eating monsters who haunt frightening places and are ugly and evil-natured with a yearning for human flesh, and who additionally have miraculous powers, such as being able to change their appearance.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­391
  • 2.­159
  • 2.­230
  • 2.­234
  • 2.­262
  • 3.­336
  • 3.­445
g.­290

Realized by All Beings

Wylie:
  • kun gyi rtogs pa
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་གྱི་རྟོགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a gandharva, a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­179-180
g.­291

Realizer of Existence

Wylie:
  • srid pa rig pa
Tibetan:
  • སྲིད་པ་རིག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­778
g.­292

Red Horse

Wylie:
  • rta dmar
Tibetan:
  • རྟ་དམར།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­520
g.­293

Reflecting All

Wylie:
  • thams cad me long
Tibetan:
  • ཐམས་ཅད་མེ་ལོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­18
g.­294

regressive concentrations

Wylie:
  • yongs su nyams pa’i bsam gtan
Tibetan:
  • ཡོངས་སུ་ཉམས་པའི་བསམ་གཏན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A particular form of concentration practiced by some worthy ones, which has the potential for regressing back into cyclic existence.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­383
g.­295

Reliever of Suffering

Wylie:
  • mya ngan sel
Tibetan:
  • མྱ་ངན་སེལ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­267
  • 3.­278
  • 3.­280
g.­296

Resilient One

Wylie:
  • rab tu gdul dka’
Tibetan:
  • རབ་ཏུ་གདུལ་དཀའ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­18
g.­297

Restrained Faculties

Wylie:
  • dbang po bsdams pa
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོ་བསྡམས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­406-407
g.­298

Revitalizer

Wylie:
  • dbyugs ’byin pa stsol ba
Tibetan:
  • དབྱུགས་འབྱིན་པ་སྩོལ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­312-313
g.­299

Revival

Wylie:
  • yang sos
Tibetan:
  • ཡང་སོས།
Sanskrit:
  • saṃjīva

One of the eight hot hells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­287
g.­300

Sādhumati

Wylie:
  • dge ba’i blo gros
Tibetan:
  • དགེ་བའི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • sādhumati

A sage.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­738
g.­301

Sāgara

Wylie:
  • rgya mtsho
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱ་མཚོ།
Sanskrit:
  • sāgara

A nāga king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­60
  • 2.­62
  • 2.­66
g.­302

Sāgaramati

Wylie:
  • blo gros rgya mtsho
Tibetan:
  • བློ་གྲོས་རྒྱ་མཚོ།
Sanskrit:
  • sāgaramati

A king and sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­701
  • 3.­703-704
  • 3.­706
g.­303

Sahā world

Wylie:
  • mi mjed
Tibetan:
  • མི་མཇེད།
Sanskrit:
  • sahālokadhātu

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The name for our world system, the universe of a thousand million worlds, or trichiliocosm, in which the four-continent world is located. Each trichiliocosm is ruled by a god Brahmā; thus, in this context, he bears the title of Sahāṃpati, Lord of Sahā. The world system of Sahā, or Sahālokadhātu, is also described as the buddhafield of the Buddha Śākyamuni where he teaches the Dharma to beings.

The name Sahā possibly derives from the Sanskrit √sah, “to bear, endure, or withstand.” It is often interpreted as alluding to the inhabitants of this world being able to endure the suffering they encounter. The Tibetan translation, mi mjed, follows along the same lines. It literally means “not painful,” in the sense that beings here are able to bear the suffering they experience.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­16
  • 3.­181
  • g.­34
g.­304

Śakra

Wylie:
  • brgya byin
Tibetan:
  • བརྒྱ་བྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • śakra

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

The lord of the gods in the Heaven of the Thirty-Three (trāyastriṃśa). Alternatively known as Indra, the deity that is called “lord of the gods” dwells on the summit of Mount Sumeru and wields the thunderbolt. The Tibetan translation brgya byin (meaning “one hundred sacrifices”) is based on an etymology that śakra is an abbreviation of śata-kratu, one who has performed a hundred sacrifices. Each world with a central Sumeru has a Śakra. Also known by other names such as Kauśika, Devendra, and Śacipati.

Located in 8 passages in the translation:

  • i.­13
  • 1.­63
  • 2.­16-18
  • 3.­125-126
  • g.­259
g.­305

Sakya Jetsun Drakpa Gyaltsen

Wylie:
  • sa skya’i rje btsun grags pa rgyal mtshan
Tibetan:
  • ས་སྐྱའི་རྗེ་བཙུན་གྲགས་པ་རྒྱལ་མཚན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • n.­16
g.­306

Samantacakṣu

Wylie:
  • kun du mig
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་དུ་མིག
Sanskrit:
  • samantacakṣu

A king and sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­784
  • 3.­786
g.­307

Samapāṇi­tala­jāta

Wylie:
  • lag mthil ltar mnyam pa
Tibetan:
  • ལག་མཐིལ་ལྟར་མཉམ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • samapāṇi­tala­jāta

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­23
g.­308

Samudradeva

Wylie:
  • rgya mtsho’i lha
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱ་མཚོའི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • samudradeva

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­174
g.­309

Sandalwood Heir

Wylie:
  • gtso bo’i bu tsan dan
Tibetan:
  • གཙོ་བོའི་བུ་ཙན་དན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­178
g.­310

Śāntamati

Wylie:
  • gzhi ba’i blo gros
Tibetan:
  • གཞི་བའི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a prince in a story the Buddha tells; a former incarnation of the buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­34
  • 3.­36
  • 3.­40-41
  • 3.­101
g.­311

Śāntendra

Wylie:
  • zhi ba’i dbang po
Tibetan:
  • ཞི་བའི་དབང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • śāntendra

Name of an attendant to a former buddha in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­223
g.­312

Śāriputra

Wylie:
  • shA ri’i bu
Tibetan:
  • ཤཱ་རིའི་བུ།
Sanskrit:
  • śāriputra

One of the closest disciples of the Buddha, known for his pure discipline and, of the disciples, considered foremost in wisdom.

Located in 12 passages in the translation:

  • i.­14
  • 2.­26
  • 2.­28-32
  • 2.­34-35
  • 3.­144
  • n.­34
  • g.­76
g.­313

Sarvajñādeva

Wylie:
  • sar+ba dza+nyA de ba
Tibetan:
  • སརྦ་ཛྙཱ་དེ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • sarvajñādeva

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

According to traditional accounts, the Kashmiri preceptor Sarvajñādeva was among the “one hundred” paṇḍitas invited by Trisong Detsen (r. 755–797/800) to assist with the translation of the Buddhist scriptures into Tibetan. Sarvajñādeva assisted in the translation of more than twenty-three works, including numerous sūtras and the first translations of Śāntideva’s Bodhicaryāvatāra and Nāgārjuna’s Suhṛllekha. Much of this work was likely carried out in the first years of the ninth century and may have continued into the reign of Ralpachen (ral pa can), who ascended the throne in 815 and died in 838 or 841 ᴄᴇ.

In this text:

One of the editors of this sūtra.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • i.­2
  • c.­1
  • n.­6
g.­314

Sarvavit

Wylie:
  • kun rig
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་རིག
Sanskrit:
  • sarvavit

A sage, former incarnation of the Buddha Dīpaṃkara.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­610-611
  • 3.­619
g.­315

Seer of Cessation

Wylie:
  • ’gog pa mthong ba
Tibetan:
  • འགོག་པ་མཐོང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­660-661
g.­316

Seer of Knowledge Free from Obscuration

Wylie:
  • sgrib pa med par shes pa mthong ba
Tibetan:
  • སྒྲིབ་པ་མེད་པར་ཤེས་པ་མཐོང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­849
  • 3.­851
g.­317

seven branches of awakening

Wylie:
  • byang chub yan lag bdun
Tibetan:
  • བྱང་ཆུབ་ཡན་ལག་བདུན།
Sanskrit:
  • sapta­bodhyaṅga

Mindfulness, discrimination, diligence, joy, pliability, absorption, and equanimity.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­313
  • g.­363
g.­318

seven treasures

Wylie:
  • rin po che sna bdun
Tibetan:
  • རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྣ་བདུན།
Sanskrit:
  • saptaratna

Seven possessions owned by any universal emperor: the precious wheel, jewel, queen, minister, elephant, horse, and general.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­219
  • 3.­288
  • 3.­397
  • 3.­437
g.­319

Severe God

Wylie:
  • drag pa’i lha
Tibetan:
  • དྲག་པའི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a past king in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­187-189
g.­320

Siṃhamati

Wylie:
  • seng ge’i blo gros
Tibetan:
  • སེང་གེའི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • siṃhamati

A king; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­116
  • 3.­119
g.­321

Śiva

Wylie:
  • zhi ba
Tibetan:
  • ཞི་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • śiva

A divine being in the classical Hindu pantheon.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­322

six remembrances

Wylie:
  • rjes su dran pa drug
Tibetan:
  • རྗེས་སུ་དྲན་པ་དྲུག
Sanskrit:
  • ṣaḍanusmṛtaya

Remembrance of the Buddha, the Dharma, the Saṅgha, relinquishing, discipline, and the gods.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­313
g.­323

six superknowledges

Wylie:
  • mngon par shes pa drug
Tibetan:
  • མངོན་པར་ཤེས་པ་དྲུག
Sanskrit:
  • ṣaḍabhijñā

Divine sight, divine hearing, knowledge of the minds of others, remembrance of past lives, ability to perform miracles, and ability to destroy all mental defilements.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­13
g.­324

Skanda

Wylie:
  • skem byed
Tibetan:
  • སྐེམ་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • skanda

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­325

Skilled in Releasing into Awakening

Wylie:
  • byang chub tu sgrol ba la mkhas pa
Tibetan:
  • བྱང་ཆུབ་ཏུ་སྒྲོལ་བ་ལ་མཁས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A former buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­551
g.­326

Skilled in the Knowledge of Cessation as Related to the Knowledge of Death

Wylie:
  • ’chi ba shes pa ’gog pa shes pa la mkhas pa
Tibetan:
  • འཆི་བ་ཤེས་པ་འགོག་པ་ཤེས་པ་ལ་མཁས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­712
  • 3.­716
g.­327

Skillful Achiever of the Future

Wylie:
  • phyi ma’i mtha’ sgrub pa la mkhas pa
Tibetan:
  • ཕྱི་མའི་མཐའ་སྒྲུབ་པ་ལ་མཁས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­707
  • 3.­711
g.­328

Skillful Insight

Wylie:
  • shes rab mkhas pa
Tibetan:
  • ཤེས་རབ་མཁས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­816
  • 3.­820
g.­329

Smart Blacksmith

Wylie:
  • mgar ba legs rtogs
Tibetan:
  • མགར་བ་ལེགས་རྟོགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­233
g.­330

solitary buddha

Wylie:
  • rang sangs rgyas
Tibetan:
  • རང་སངས་རྒྱས།
Sanskrit:
  • pratyekabuddha

An individual who attains a certain level of realization and liberation (different in some respects from those of an arhat and well short of those of a buddha) through understanding the nature of interdependent origination, without relying upon a spiritual guide.

Located in 20 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­59
  • 1.­64
  • 1.­301
  • 1.­313
  • 1.­316
  • 1.­366
  • 1.­370
  • 3.­160-162
  • 3.­383
  • 3.­455
  • 3.­458
  • 3.­518
  • 3.­539-540
  • 3.­551
  • 3.­553
  • 3.­555
  • 3.­756
g.­331

special insight

Wylie:
  • lhag mthong
Tibetan:
  • ལྷག་མཐོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • vipaśyanā

An important form of Buddhist meditation focusing on developing insight into the nature of phenomena. Often presented as part of a pair of meditation techniques, the other being “tranquility.”

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­313
  • 2.­85
  • g.­369
g.­332

sphere of mastery

Wylie:
  • zil gyis gnon pa’i skye mched
Tibetan:
  • ཟིལ་གྱིས་གནོན་པའི་སྐྱེ་མཆེད།
Sanskrit:
  • abhibhvāyatana

The ability to disassociate oneself from external appearances based on attainment in concentration.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­309
g.­333

sphere of totality

Wylie:
  • zad par gyi skye mched
Tibetan:
  • ཟད་པར་གྱི་སྐྱེ་མཆེད།
Sanskrit:
  • kṛtsnāyatana

The ability to transform the four elements based on attainment in concentration.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­309
  • 3.­312
g.­334

Śrāvastī

Wylie:
  • mnyan yod
Tibetan:
  • མཉན་ཡོད།
Sanskrit:
  • śrāvastī

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

During the life of the Buddha, Śrāvastī was the capital city of the powerful kingdom of Kośala, ruled by King Prasenajit, who became a follower and patron of the Buddha. It was also the hometown of Anāthapiṇḍada, the wealthy patron who first invited the Buddha there, and then offered him a park known as Jetavana, Prince Jeta’s Grove, which became one of the first Buddhist monasteries. The Buddha is said to have spent about twenty-five rainy seasons with his disciples in Śrāvastī, thus it is named as the setting of numerous events and teachings. It is located in present-day Uttar Pradesh in northern India.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • i.­13
  • 1.­2
  • 2.­1-2
  • 2.­9-10
  • g.­275
g.­335

Śrīgarbha

Wylie:
  • dpal gyi snying po
Tibetan:
  • དཔལ་གྱི་སྙིང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • śrīgarbha

Name of a king in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­18
  • 3.­21
g.­336

Śrīsambhava

Wylie:
  • dpal byung
Tibetan:
  • དཔལ་བྱུང་།
Sanskrit:
  • śrīsambhava

A monk; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­384-385
g.­337

Stainless Eyes

Wylie:
  • dri med mig
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་མིག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A brahmin.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­386
  • 3.­391
  • 3.­396
g.­338

Stainless Giver

Wylie:
  • dri med gtong
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་གཏོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­398
  • 3.­400
g.­339

Stainless Moon

Wylie:
  • dri med zla ba
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་ཟླ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­399
g.­340

Stainless Teacher

Wylie:
  • sgrib med lung ston
Tibetan:
  • སྒྲིབ་མེད་ལུང་སྟོན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­582
g.­341

Stainless Zenith

Wylie:
  • dri med tog
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་ཏོག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­383-384
  • 3.­424
g.­342

Starlight

Wylie:
  • skar ’od
Tibetan:
  • སྐར་འོད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­343

stream-enterer

Wylie:
  • rgyun du zhugs pa
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱུན་དུ་ཞུགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • srotāpanna

A person who has entered the “stream” of practice that leads to nirvāṇa. The first of the four attainments of the path of the hearers.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­301
  • 1.­370
  • 1.­386
  • 3.­582
g.­344

Subhaga

Wylie:
  • grags bzang
Tibetan:
  • གྲགས་བཟང་།
Sanskrit:
  • subhaga

A king, former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­635
  • 3.­637
  • 3.­639
g.­345

Sublime Heaven

Wylie:
  • gya nom snang ba
Tibetan:
  • གྱ་ནོམ་སྣང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • sudṛśa

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
g.­346

Sublime Moon

Wylie:
  • zla bzang
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བཟང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a future buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­280
g.­347

Śuddhasiṃha

Wylie:
  • shud dha sing ha
Tibetan:
  • ཤུད་དྷ་སིང་ཧ།
Sanskrit:
  • śuddhasiṃha

Indian editor of the sūtra.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • i.­2
  • c.­1
g.­348

Sundara

Wylie:
  • mdzes
Tibetan:
  • མཛེས།
Sanskrit:
  • sundara

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­40
g.­349

Sundarānanda

Wylie:
  • mdzes dga’
Tibetan:
  • མཛེས་དགའ།
Sanskrit:
  • sundarānanda

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­36-37
g.­350

Sunetra

Wylie:
  • spyan mdzes
Tibetan:
  • སྤྱན་མཛེས།
Sanskrit:
  • sunetra

A buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­543-544
  • 3.­546
g.­351

superintendent

Wylie:
  • lag gi bla
Tibetan:
  • ལག་གི་བླ།
Sanskrit:
  • navakarmika

Someone (usually a bhikṣu) responsible for the building of a new monastery or temple, or for the repair of an existing one (Mahāvyutpatti 8735).

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • s.­1
  • 1.­2
  • 1.­4
  • 2.­1-3
g.­352

Suprabha

Wylie:
  • ’od bzang
Tibetan:
  • འོད་བཟང་།
Sanskrit:
  • suprabha

A sage; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­608
  • 3.­611
  • 3.­619
g.­353

Supreme Intelligence

Wylie:
  • mchog gi blo gros
Tibetan:
  • མཆོག་གི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A brahmin boy; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­199
  • 3.­822
  • 3.­825
g.­354

Surasundara

Wylie:
  • lha mdzes
Tibetan:
  • ལྷ་མཛེས།
Sanskrit:
  • surasundara

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­42
  • 2.­47
g.­355

Sūrya

Wylie:
  • nyi ma
Tibetan:
  • ཉི་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • sūrya

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­356

Sūryagarbha

Wylie:
  • nyi ma’i snying po
Tibetan:
  • ཉི་མའི་སྙིང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • sūryagarbha

Name of a nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­292
g.­357

Suṣmā

Wylie:
  • kun nas mdzes pa
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་ནས་མཛེས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • suṣmā

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­504
g.­358

Sustaining through Form and Adhering to the Nature of All People

Wylie:
  • gzugs kyis ’tsho ba skye bo thams cad ky ngo bo’i rjes su ’jug pa
Tibetan:
  • གཟུགས་ཀྱིས་འཚོ་བ་སྐྱེ་བོ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀཡ་ངོ་བོའི་རྗེས་སུ་འཇུག་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A former life of the Buddha, who was a very good-looking person.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­529
g.­359

Teacher of Dharma

Wylie:
  • chos rnam par ston pa
Tibetan:
  • ཆོས་རྣམ་པར་སྟོན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­787
  • 3.­809
g.­360

Teacher of Ignorance

Wylie:
  • mi shes pa ston pa
Tibetan:
  • མི་ཤེས་པ་སྟོན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­409
g.­361

ten powers

Wylie:
  • stobs bcu
Tibetan:
  • སྟོབས་བཅུ།
Sanskrit:
  • daśabala

The powers (sometimes also called strengths), unique to tathāgatas, of: (1) knowing what is possible and what is impossible (sthānāsthāna­jñāna­bala, gnas dang gnas ma yin pa mkhyen pa); (2) knowing the ripening of karma (karmavipāka­jñāna­bala, las kyi rnam smin mkhyen pa); (3) knowing the various inclinations (nānādhimukti­jñāna­bala, mos pa sna tshogs mkhyen pa); (4) knowing the various elements (nānādhātu­jñāna­bala, khams sna tshogs mkhyen pa); (5) knowing the supreme and lesser faculties (indriya­parāpara­jñāna­bala, dbang po mchog dang mchog ma yin pa mkhyen pa); (6) knowing the paths that lead to all destinations (sarvatra­gāminī­pratipaj­jñāna­bala, thams cad du ’gro ba’i lam mkhyen pa); (7) knowing the concentrations, liberations, absorptions, equilibriums, afflictions, purifications, and abidings (dhyāna­vimokṣa­samādhi­samāpatti­saṃkleśa­vyavadāna­vyutthāna­jñāna­bala, bsam gtan dang rnam thar dang ting ’dzin dang snyoms ’jug dang kun nas nyon mongs pa dang rnam par byang ba dang ldan ba thams cad mkhyen pa); (8) knowing the recollection of past existences (pūrva­nivāsānusmṛti­jñāna­bala, sngon gyi gnas rjes su dran pa mkhyen pa); (9) knowing death and rebirth (cyutyupapatti­jñāna­bala, ’chi ’pho ba dang skye ba mkhyen pa); and (10) knowing the exhaustion of the defilements (āsravakṣaya­jñāna­bala, zag pa zad pa mkhyen pa).

Located in 52 passages in the translation:

  • s.­2
  • i.­4
  • i.­8-11
  • 1.­379
  • 1.­409-410
  • 2.­66
  • 2.­120
  • 2.­139-141
  • 2.­144
  • 2.­146
  • 2.­148
  • 2.­151
  • 2.­203
  • 2.­206
  • 2.­208-209
  • 2.­212-214
  • 2.­288
  • 2.­315
  • 3.­162
  • 3.­164-165
  • 3.­231-232
  • 3.­268
  • 3.­271
  • 3.­276-277
  • 3.­345
  • 3.­369
  • 3.­372
  • 3.­374
  • 3.­545
  • 3.­570
  • 3.­583
  • 3.­645-647
  • 3.­752
  • n.­9-10
  • n.­26
  • g.­168
  • g.­265
g.­362

Terrifying

Wylie:
  • ’jigs sgros
Tibetan:
  • འཇིགས་སྒྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­163
g.­363

thirty-seven factors of awakening

Wylie:
  • byang chub kyi phyogs kyi chos sum cu rtsa bdun
Tibetan:
  • བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་བདུན།
Sanskrit:
  • sapta­triṃśad­bodhi­pakṣa­dharma

Thirty-seven practices that lead the practitioner to the awakened state: the four applications of mindfulness, the four thorough relinquishments, the four bases of miraculous absorption, the five faculties, the five powers, the eightfold path, and the seven branches of awakening.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­12
  • g.­102
g.­364

Thorough Guide

Wylie:
  • shin tu khrid byed
Tibetan:
  • ཤིན་ཏུ་ཁྲིད་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­673-674
g.­365

thorough relinquishments

Wylie:
  • yang dag par spong ba
Tibetan:
  • ཡང་དག་པར་སྤོང་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • samyakprahāṇa

Relinquishing negative acts in the present and the future, and enhancing positive acts in the present and the future.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­313
  • g.­363
g.­366

three fetters

Wylie:
  • kun tu sbyor ba gsum
Tibetan:
  • ཀུན་ཏུ་སྦྱོར་བ་གསུམ།
Sanskrit:
  • triṇī saṃyojanānī

Three fetters to be abandoned on the path of seeing: the view of the transitory collection, viewing discipline as supreme, and harboring doubt.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 1.­370
g.­367

Topmost Intelligence

Wylie:
  • tog gi blo gros
Tibetan:
  • ཏོག་གི་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­733
  • 3.­735-738
  • 3.­740-741
g.­368

Totally Haughty

Wylie:
  • thams cad rgyags pa
Tibetan:
  • ཐམས་ཅད་རྒྱགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­309
g.­369

tranquility

Wylie:
  • zhi gnas
Tibetan:
  • ཞི་གནས།
Sanskrit:
  • śamatha

One of the basic forms of Buddhist meditation, which focuses on calming the mind. Often presented as part of a pair of meditation techniques, with the other technique being “special insight.”

Located in 23 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­313
  • 1.­388
  • 1.­411
  • 2.­12
  • 2.­16
  • 2.­78-81
  • 2.­84-85
  • 2.­89-90
  • 2.­167
  • 2.­169
  • 2.­302
  • 3.­278
  • 3.­297
  • 3.­303
  • 3.­306-307
  • 3.­418
  • g.­331
g.­370

Tranquility

Wylie:
  • zhi gnas
Tibetan:
  • ཞི་གནས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­302
g.­371

Transcending Virtue

Wylie:
  • dge ba’i pha rol ’gro
Tibetan:
  • དགེ་བའི་ཕ་རོལ་འགྲོ།
Sanskrit:
  • śubhapāraṃgama RS

The city where the temple mentioned in this text is being built. Possibly to be identified with the southern city Śubhapāraṃgama in the Gaṇḍavyūha (see note i.­9).

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­2
  • 2.­11-12
  • 2.­14
  • 2.­16
  • 2.­21
g.­372

Traveler on the Path of Goodness

Wylie:
  • lam dkar po la gnas pa
Tibetan:
  • ལམ་དཀར་པོ་ལ་གནས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­844
  • 3.­846
g.­373

trichiliocosm

Wylie:
  • stong gsum gyi stong chen po’i ’jig rten gyi khams
Tibetan:
  • སྟོང་གསུམ་གྱི་སྟོང་ཆེན་པོའི་འཇིག་རྟེན་གྱི་ཁམས།
Sanskrit:
  • tri­sāhasra­mahā­sāhasra­lokadhātu

A “thrice thousandfold universe,” i.e., a billionfold universe, sometimes called a “third-order great chiliocosm” (tṛtīya­mahā­sāhasra­loka­dhātu), consisting of a billion worlds, i.e. a million chiliocosms (q.v.), or a thousand dichiliocosms (q.v.). Explained in 1.­264.

Located in 10 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • 2.­32
  • 3.­116
  • 3.­163
  • 3.­231
  • 3.­313
  • 3.­383
  • 3.­741-742
  • g.­303
g.­374

Truly Discerned Concept

Wylie:
  • rtog pa nges par dpyod pa
Tibetan:
  • རྟོག་པ་ངེས་པར་དཔྱོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­259
g.­375

Truly Noble Radiance

Wylie:
  • ’od yang dag ’phags
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཡང་དག་འཕགས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­264
  • 3.­266
g.­376

twenty-two faculties

Wylie:
  • dbang po nyi shu rtsa gnyis
Tibetan:
  • དབང་པོ་ཉི་ཤུ་རྩ་གཉིས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

According to abhidharma literature, and in this text covered in the passage 1.­276–1.­374 there are twenty-two faculties: eye, nose, ear, tongue, bodily sensations, mental, female, male, of life, pleasure, displeasure, happiness, unhappiness, equanimity, faith, diligence, mindfulness, absorption, insight, understanding all that has not been understood, full knowledge, and endowment with full knowledge.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­108
  • 1.­120
  • 1.­132
  • 1.­144
  • 1.­156
  • n.­29-30
g.­377

Udāyī

Wylie:
  • ’char ka
Tibetan:
  • འཆར་ཀ
Sanskrit:
  • udāyī

Name of an ascetic in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­259
  • 3.­261
g.­378

Ujayadatta

Wylie:
  • ud dza+ya dad ta
Tibetan:
  • ཨུད་ཛྱ་དད་ཏ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­768-769
g.­379

Unblemished Insight

Wylie:
  • shes rab rnyog pa med pa
Tibetan:
  • ཤེས་རབ་རྙོག་པ་མེད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­810
  • 3.­814-815
g.­380

Unequaled Jewel Splendor

Wylie:
  • rin po che’i dpal kun las ’phags pa
Tibetan:
  • རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་དཔལ་ཀུན་ལས་འཕགས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­537
g.­381

Unfathomable Banner

Wylie:
  • dpag med rgyal mtshan
Tibetan:
  • དཔག་མེད་རྒྱལ་མཚན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a past king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­181-182
g.­382

Unfathomable Light Rays

Wylie:
  • ’od zer dpag med
Tibetan:
  • འོད་ཟེར་དཔག་མེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 7 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­496-497
  • 3.­502
  • 3.­505
  • 3.­507
  • 3.­512
  • 3.­515
g.­383

Ungraspable

Wylie:
  • gzung bar dka’ ba
Tibetan:
  • གཟུང་བར་དཀའ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a nāga king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­299
g.­384

Unhindered Glory

Wylie:
  • thogs med dpal
Tibetan:
  • ཐོགས་མེད་དཔལ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a sage, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­308-309
g.­385

Unhindered Knowledge

Wylie:
  • shes pa thogs pa med pa
Tibetan:
  • ཤེས་པ་ཐོགས་པ་མེད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­195
  • 3.­847-848
g.­386

Unhindered Teacher

Wylie:
  • thogs med ston
Tibetan:
  • ཐོགས་མེད་སྟོན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­264
  • 3.­527
g.­387

Unhindered Vision

Wylie:
  • thogs pa med pa’i spyan
Tibetan:
  • ཐོགས་པ་མེད་པའི་སྤྱན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­231-232
g.­388

Unlofty Heaven

Wylie:
  • mi che ba
Tibetan:
  • མི་ཆེ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • abṛha

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­84
  • 1.­88
  • 1.­286
  • 3.­690
g.­389

Unshakeable

Wylie:
  • mi ’gul bar byas pa
Tibetan:
  • མི་འགུལ་བར་བྱས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

The name of a world in the distant past in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­116
g.­390

Upananda

Wylie:
  • nye dga’
Tibetan:
  • ཉེ་དགའ།
Sanskrit:
  • upananda

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­89
  • 2.­93
g.­391

User of Evil

Wylie:
  • bdud bsten
Tibetan:
  • བདུད་བསྟེན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a bodhisattva in a story Buddha tells.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­221
  • 2.­229
  • 2.­263-266
g.­392

Utpala Eye

Wylie:
  • ud pa la mig
Tibetan:
  • ཨུད་པ་ལ་མིག
Sanskrit:
  • —

A nāga king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­78
  • 2.­80
  • 2.­83
g.­393

Uttarakuru

Wylie:
  • sgra mi snyan
Tibetan:
  • སྒྲ་མི་སྙན།
Sanskrit:
  • uttarakuru

The northern continent of the four in ancient Indian cosmology.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­264
  • 1.­286
g.­394

Utterly Disciplined

Wylie:
  • shin tu dul ldan
Tibetan:
  • ཤིན་ཏུ་དུལ་ལྡན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A kingdom where the buddha named Voice Proclaiming the Cloud of Dharma dwelled.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­328-329
g.­395

Utterly Scrutinized Conduct

Wylie:
  • shin tu brtags spyod
Tibetan:
  • ཤིན་ཏུ་བརྟགས་སྤྱོད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a brahmin, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­112
  • 3.­115
g.­396

Utterly Stable Conduct

Wylie:
  • spyod pa rab tu brtan pa
Tibetan:
  • སྤྱོད་པ་རབ་ཏུ་བརྟན་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

King and sage; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­382
g.­397

Vairocana

Wylie:
  • rnam par snang byed
Tibetan:
  • རྣམ་པར་སྣང་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • vairocana

A nāga king.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­174-175
  • 2.­178
g.­398

Valgudarśanā

Wylie:
  • legs mthong
Tibetan:
  • ལེགས་མཐོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • valgudarśanā

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­76
g.­399

Valkalāyana

Wylie:
  • shing shun can
Tibetan:
  • ཤིང་ཤུན་ཅན།
Sanskrit:
  • valkalāyana

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­12-14
g.­400

Vanquisher of All Enemies

Wylie:
  • dgra thams cad rab tu ’joms pa
Tibetan:
  • དགྲ་ཐམས་ཅད་རབ་ཏུ་འཇོམས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­313-314
g.­401

Vanquisher of Dust Stains and Darkness

Wylie:
  • rdul dang dri ma dang mun pa ’joms pa
Tibetan:
  • རྡུལ་དང་དྲི་མ་དང་མུན་པ་འཇོམས་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­397
g.­402

Varuṇa

Wylie:
  • chu lha
Tibetan:
  • ཆུ་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • varuṇa

A god.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­530
g.­403

Varuṇa

Wylie:
  • chu lha
Tibetan:
  • ཆུ་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • varuṇa

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­544
  • 3.­550
g.­404

Vasuṁdhara

Wylie:
  • nor ’dzin
Tibetan:
  • ནོར་འཛིན།
Sanskrit:
  • vasuṁdhara

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­541-542
g.­405

Vegadharin

Wylie:
  • shugs ’chang
Tibetan:
  • ཤུགས་འཆང་།
Sanskrit:
  • vegadharin

A māra; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 9 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­556-559
  • 3.­562
  • 3.­564
  • 3.­641-642
  • 3.­648
g.­406

Vemacitra

Wylie:
  • thags zangs ris
Tibetan:
  • ཐགས་ཟངས་རིས།
Sanskrit:
  • vemacitra

Name of an asura king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­219
g.­407

Victorious

Wylie:
  • rgyal byed
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བྱེད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­397
g.­408

Victorious God

Wylie:
  • rgyal gyi lha
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་གྱི་ལྷ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A brahmin; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­589-590
g.­409

Victorious Guide with All-Seeing Eyes

Wylie:
  • rgyal ba ’dren pa kun spyan
Tibetan:
  • རྒྱལ་བ་འདྲེན་པ་ཀུན་སྤྱན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 2.­94
g.­410

Vimalacandra

Wylie:
  • dri med zla ba
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་ཟླ་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • vimalacandra

A bodhisattva; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­552-553
g.­411

Vimala­candra­mati

Wylie:
  • zla ba dri med blo gros
Tibetan:
  • ཟླ་བ་དྲི་མེད་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • vimala­candra­mati

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­412

Vimalanetra

Wylie:
  • dri med spyan
Tibetan:
  • དྲི་མེད་སྤྱན།
Sanskrit:
  • vimalanetra RS

Name of a buddha.

Located in 10 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­102-104
  • 3.­106
  • 3.­438-441
  • 3.­446
  • 3.­455
g.­413

Viraja

Wylie:
  • rdul bral
Tibetan:
  • རྡུལ་བྲལ།
Sanskrit:
  • viraja

A nāga king.

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • 2.­18
  • 2.­184
  • n.­38
g.­414

Virtuous Vision

Wylie:
  • dge ba’i mig
Tibetan:
  • དགེ་བའི་མིག
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a past king in a story the Buddha tells.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­231-232
g.­415

Viśākhamitra

Wylie:
  • sa ga’i bshes gnyen
Tibetan:
  • ས་གའི་བཤེས་གཉེན།
Sanskrit:
  • viśākhamitra

Name of a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 4 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­29-32
g.­416

Vision of One Thousand Lotuses

Wylie:
  • pad+ma stong mthong
Tibetan:
  • པདྨ་སྟོང་མཐོང་།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Alternative name of the current eon, also known as the “Fortunate Eon.”

Located in 3 passages in the translation:

  • i.­17
  • 1.­390
  • n.­16
g.­417

Viṣnumati

Wylie:
  • khyab ’jug blo gros
Tibetan:
  • ཁྱབ་འཇུག་བློ་གྲོས།
Sanskrit:
  • viṣnumati

A king.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­733
g.­418

Viśvabhū

Wylie:
  • thams cad skyob
Tibetan:
  • ཐམས་ཅད་སྐྱོབ།
Sanskrit:
  • viśvabhū

Name of a king, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­298
  • 3.­300
g.­419

Voice of All Sounds

Wylie:
  • sgra thams cad kyi dbyangs
Tibetan:
  • སྒྲ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་དབྱངས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­368
  • 3.­380
g.­420

Voice Proclaiming the Cloud of Dharma

Wylie:
  • chos kyi sprin mngon par bsgrags pa’i dbyangs
Tibetan:
  • ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྤྲིན་མངོན་པར་བསྒྲགས་པའི་དབྱངས།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 5 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­328-329
  • 3.­338
  • g.­54
  • g.­394
g.­421

Voyager

Wylie:
  • slong ldan
Tibetan:
  • སློང་ལྡན།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A captain; a former incarnation of the Buddha.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­620-621
  • 3.­623
  • 3.­626
  • 3.­628
  • 3.­634
g.­422

White Intellect

Wylie:
  • blo gros dkar ba
Tibetan:
  • བློ་གྲོས་དཀར་བ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A buddha.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­416-420
  • 3.­423
g.­423

Wishing for Disengagement

Wylie:
  • dben pa ’dod pa
Tibetan:
  • དབེན་པ་འདོད་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a householder, a former incarnation of the Buddha while he was a practicing bodhisattva.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­497
  • 3.­503
  • 3.­505
  • 3.­510
  • 3.­515-516
g.­424

World Illuminator

Wylie:
  • ’jig rten gsal mdzad
Tibetan:
  • འཇིག་རྟེན་གསལ་མཛད།
Sanskrit:
  • —

Name of a future buddha.

Located in 1 passage in the translation:

  • 3.­228
g.­425

worthy one

Wylie:
  • dgra bcom pa
Tibetan:
  • དགྲ་བཅོམ་པ།
Sanskrit:
  • arhat

Definition from the 84000 Glossary of Terms:

According to Buddhist tradition, one who is worthy of worship (pūjām arhati), or one who has conquered the enemies, the mental afflictions (kleśa-ari-hata-vat), and reached liberation from the cycle of rebirth and suffering. It is the fourth and highest of the four fruits attainable by śrāvakas. Also used as an epithet of the Buddha.

Located in 18 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­63
  • 1.­301
  • 1.­370
  • 1.­386
  • 2.­14
  • 3.­145
  • 3.­219
  • 3.­302
  • 3.­340
  • 3.­361
  • 3.­366
  • 3.­397
  • 3.­416
  • 3.­431
  • 3.­636
  • n.­52
  • n.­55
  • g.­294
g.­426

Wrathful Master

Wylie:
  • ’jigs byed bla ma
Tibetan:
  • འཇིགས་བྱེད་བླ་མ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

A king.

Located in 6 passages in the translation:

  • 3.­317-321
  • 3.­326
g.­427

yakṣa

Wylie:
  • gnod sbyin
Tibetan:
  • གནོད་སྦྱིན།
Sanskrit:
  • yakṣa

A class of semidivine beings said to dwell in the north, under the jurisdiction of the Great King Vaiśravaṇa, otherwise known as Kubera.

Located in 13 passages in the translation:

  • 1.­391
  • 2.­15
  • 2.­235
  • 2.­254
  • 2.­257
  • 2.­262
  • 3.­335-336
  • 3.­445
  • 3.­553
  • 3.­669
  • 3.­721
  • 3.­725
g.­428

Yeshé Nyingpo

Wylie:
  • ye shes snying po
Tibetan:
  • ཡེ་ཤེས་སྙིང་པོ།
Sanskrit:
  • —

The sūtra’s Tibetan translator.

Located in 2 passages in the translation:

  • i.­2
  • c.­1
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    The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty

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    84000. The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty (Niṣṭhā­gata­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratnānanta, bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa, Toh 99). Translated by Dharmachakra Translation Committee. Online publication. 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2024. https://84000.co/translation/toh99/UT22084-047-001-glossary.Copy
    84000. The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty (Niṣṭhā­gata­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratnānanta, bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa, Toh 99). Translated by Dharmachakra Translation Committee, online publication, 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2024, 84000.co/translation/toh99/UT22084-047-001-glossary.Copy
    84000. (2024) The Precious Discourse on the Blessed One’s Extensive Wisdom That Leads to Infinite Certainty (Niṣṭhā­gata­bhagavajjñāna­vaipulya­sūtra­ratnānanta, bcom ldan ’das kyi ye shes rgyas pa’i mdo sde rin po che mtha’ yas pa mthar phyin pa, Toh 99). (Dharmachakra Translation Committee, Trans.). Online publication. 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha. https://84000.co/translation/toh99/UT22084-047-001-glossary.Copy

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