The Tantra of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa
Mantras and Yantras
Toh 431
Degé Kangyur, vol. 80 (rgyud ’bum, nga), folios 304.b–343.a
- Trakpa Gyaltsen
Imprint
Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee
under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha
First published 2016
Current version v 2.28.21 (2024)
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Table of Contents
Summary
Written around the tenth or the eleventh century ᴄᴇ, in the late Mantrayāna period, The Tantra of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa represents the flowering of the Yoginītantra genre. The tantra offers instructions on how to attain the wisdom state of Buddha Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa through the practice of the four joys. The tantra covers a range of practices and philosophical perspectives of late tantric Buddhism, including the development stage, the completion stage, the use of mantras, and a number of magical rites and rituals. The text is quite unique with its tribute to and apotheosis of women and, in this regard, probably has few parallels anywhere else in world literature. It is written in the spirit of great sincerity and devotion, and it is this very spirit that mitigates, and at the same time empowers, the text’s stark imagery and sometimes shocking practices. This text certainly calls for an open mind.
Acknowledgments
This translation was produced by Dharmachakra Translation Committee under the supervision of Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche. Wiesiek Mical translated the text from the Sanskrit manuscripts, prepared the Sanskrit edition, and wrote the introduction. The translation was then compared against the Tibetan translation found in the Degé Kangyur by James Gentry, and edited by Andreas Doctor.
The Dharmachakra Translation Committee is also indebted to Professor Harunaga Isaacson and Dr. Péter Szántó for their help in obtaining facsimiles of some of the manuscripts, and to Professor Isaacson for making available some of his personal materials.
This translation has been completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.
Text Body
Mantras and Yantras
Then the goddess requested the lord:
The lord then said:
“ ‘Oṁ, you with a flaming mouth and fangs bared, laugh, laugh! The vajra of the halāhala poison, the good vajra, break forth, break! Disperse, disperse! Stop all the rain and wind, stop! Rent asunder, rent! Yaḥ, yaḥ, yaḥ, dry up all the water, dry! Hūṁ phaṭ!’184 While reciting this mantra, one should direct one’s angry gaze into the sky. One will stop the wind and disperse the clouds.
“Here is the mantra of playing in the cemetery: ‘Oṁ, you who shout pheṭ! Pheṁ pheṁ, ha ha, hā hā, pheṭ!’185
“Here is the mantra for entering a city area: ‘Oṁ, O lord of all magical powers for nullifying opposing yantras and mantras! Frighten off all the ḍākinīs, frighten! Bind, bind! Nail swiftly, nail!’186
“To make snakes flee, one should incant some clay with this mantra and place it on the ground: ‘Oṁ, hili hili, phuḥ phuḥ!’187
“With this mantra, tigers will flee: ‘Mammā, mammā!’
“With this mantra, elephants will flee: ‘Vedu ā, vedu ā!’
“With this mantra, rhinoceros will flee: ‘Terli ā, terli ā!’ [F.336.b]
“With this mantra, dogs will flee when threatened with one’s left index finger: ‘Oṁ hrīṁ, protector Baṭuka, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa! Hūṁ phaṭ!’188
“With this mantra, buffalos will flee: ‘Oṁ, Yamāntaka, hrīḥ strīḥ, hūṁ hūṁ hūṁ, phaṭ phaṭ! Frighten away, frighten away! O fierce one, very fierce! Hūṁ phaṭ!’189
“With this mantra, any serious diseases will go away: ‘Oṁ, when crushing Yama, crush, crush! Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!’190
“To make pain go away, one should administer water incanted with this mantra: ‘Oṁ, when there is crying or wailing, this is for removing it. Hūṁ phaṭ!’191
“By tying this mantra into one’s knotted hair, one will be protected: ‘Oṁ, when there is terror, this is for confusing. Hūṁ phaṭ!’192
“To nail the mouth of the adversary, one should make an effigy from beeswax, four fingers in size, write this mantra on birch bark with yellow orpiment, and stuff it into the effigy’s mouth. One should then nail the effigy and bury it at a crossroad. Then say: ‘Oṁ, whether he is moving or not, nail the mouth of such and such! Hūṁ phaṭ!’193
“To stop the target from moving about, proceed as before and stick this mantra into the effigy’s heart, and nail its feet: ‘Oṁ, when destroying all the Māras, nail the feet of such and such! Hūṁ phaṭ!’194
“To stop a hostile army from advancing, stuff this mantra into the effigy as before. Then nail the eight limbs of the general of the hostile army. One should bury the effigy with its face down in the middle of a hearth and say: ‘Oṁ, you with contorted face, when breaking the enemy’s army, break, break! Immobilize, immobilize! Bind such and such together with his army with a noose, bind! Hūṁ phaṭ! Khaḥ gaḥ, ha hā, hi hī, pheṁ pheṁ! Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!’195
“To cause the enemy to burn with fever, one should draw the target, eight fingers tall on a cloth from a cemetery, with poison and mustard, encircle the drawing with the garland mantra, and stuff it into the heart of a beeswax effigy. One should then place the effigy inside a piece of common milk hedge wood. The mantra is: ‘Oṁ, burn, burn! Cook, cook! Torment, torment! Send the fever, send! Make them burn, do! Dry up, dry! Seize, seize! Burn, burn! Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ! Svāhā!’196 And further: ‘Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, let the fever seize such and such! Hūṁ phaṭ!’197 Reciting this, one should burn the effigy in the charnel ground fire, or in a fire of cutch tree or jujube wood. One will cause the enemy to burn with fever. [F.337.a]
“To obliterate the yantra of an enemy, one should write this mantra on a rag from a cemetery, wrap a blue string around it, and wear it on one’s arm, neck, head, or hips. Then say: ‘Oṁ, conquer, conquer and vanquish! Defeat the yantra! Hī hī, hā hā, break, break! Remove, remove! Act quickly, act! Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!’198
“To kill the target within a week, one should write this mantra on a rag from a cemetery as before, put it inside the effigy, and nail it with a peg one finger long, made of bone or iron. One should then bury the effigy face down in a cemetery and say: ‘Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, swallow, swallow! Kha kha! Eat, eat! Make such and such wither, do! Mara mara! Kill such and such, kill! Hūṁ phaṭ!’199
“To banish the target, one should take a crow’s nest from a nimb tree and burn the nest in a fire from the charnel ground. One should incant the nest’s ashes with 108 repetitions of the above mantra, and throw the ashes at the door of the target’s house. One should visualize the target mounted on a camel, fettered in shackles, and tied up with lassos, being led in the southern direction. Then say: ‘Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa! Banish such and such! Hūṁ phaṭ!’200
“To sow hatred among others, one should take some dust from where two dogs are fighting and strike the effigies of the two targets. Then say: ‘Oṁ, when causing hate, Vajra of Hatred, sow hatred between such-and-such and such-and-such! Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!’201
“To immobilize the enemy with ease, one should draw on birch bark a tortoise, six fingers in size, with yellow orpiment, and write the syllable hrī on its four feet, the syllable plī in the center of its face, and the syllable hri at its navel. One should then depict feces at the tortoise’s anus and draw the sādhaka farther up on the tortoise’s back.202 One should surround this with the garland mantra and commence worship with offerings and praise. One should place the tortoise on top of a sacrificial brick, covering the brick with the tortoise’s belly. One should wrap a red string around the whole thing and throw it down by one’s feet.203 [F.337.b] One should kick it with one’s left foot while repeating ‘Please bring such and such under my control’ seven times. Then say: ‘Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hrīṁ hrīṁ hroṁ! In your wrathful form, kill! Slay, slay! Strike, strike! Smash, smash! Haha, haha! Lunge forward, lunge! Disperse, disperse! Nail, nail! Crush, crush! Immobilize such and such, immobilize! Hūṁ phaṭ!’204
“To stop the milk from flowing in cows, one should incant a peg made of cow’s bone, seven fingers long, with 108 recitations of this mantra, and bury it in a cow pen. Then say: ‘Oṁ cchrīṁ cchrīṁ cchrīṁ! Parch, parch! Stop the flow, stop! Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!’206
“To destroy merchandise, one should incant a vajra made of clay from an anthill with 108 recitations of this mantra and bury it in a shop. Then say: ‘Oṁ, Vajriṇī, let your vajra fly!—so commands the master of gods. Set alight, set! Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!’207
“To make a city shake, one should draw the lord on birch bark. He has two arms, is red in color, holds in his hands a noose and a goad, is intoxicated with lust, and terrifying. One should inscribe the letters of the mantra with elephant’s rut fluid, wine, lac, blood, menstrual blood, or saffron, arranged as follows: oṁ on the head, hrīṁ in the heart, klīṁ in the navel, and traṁ on the penis. One should then surround the drawing with the garland mantra and wrap everything with a red string. One should then throw it into a hollow filled with clarified butter and honey between the skulls of a woman and a man. Then enclose the whole thing in beeswax, wrap a red string around it, and bury it at a central location. Stepping on it with one’s left foot, one should recite the mantra 25,000 times. The mantra is: ‘Oṁ hrīṁ klīṁ traṁ yūṁ, when crushing Yama, be harsh, be! Shake, shake! For the consummation of all sense pleasures, hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ! Svāhā!’208
“To enthrall a woman, one should pulverize intestinal worms into a fine powder and make it into a pill by adding semen and blood from the ring finger. One should incant the pill with the mantra and put it into the target’s food or drink. The mantra is: ‘Oṁ, summon, summon! Bewilder, bewilder! Enthrall such and such, enthrall! Svāhā!’209
“To destroy any poison, say: ‘Oṁ, White Vulture, devour the poison and the harmful anger! Khaḥ khaḥ, ha ha, saḥ saḥ! Oṁ, the general of the great, fierce army commands. Svāhā!’212 Alternatively one can recite the mantra: ‘Oṁ, Śaṃkāriṇī, dhraṁ hāṁ hūṁ haṁ haḥ!’213
“To stop snakes from entering one’s residence, place clay incanted with this mantra, or a piece of paper with this mantra, at the door.214 The mantra is: ‘Oṁ, enemy of snakes! Destroyer of Vāmana, phaṭ!’215
“Giving a woman fragrant white flowers incanted with this mantra will enthrall her: ‘Oṁ, Āṇā, blind in one eye,216 enthrall such and such! Svāhā!’217
“By rinsing the eyes with water incanted with this mantra, one will cure blindness: ‘Homage to Vītarāga, O Maitreyasiṃhalocanī, svāhā!’218
“With this mantra, a saphara fish will not be able to approach: ‘Oṁ, saphara, khaḥ! Eat the powder!’219
“With this mantra, one will destroy the poison of snakes, scorpions, crabs, and the like: ‘May the poison sink into the earth with the speed of the sun’s chariot, the power of Vāsudeva, and the flapping of garuḍa’s wings!’220
“To prevent theft, one should cast a clod of earth incanted with this mantra seven times into the four directions: ‘Oṁ, Cāmuṇḍā, the unconquered, never conquered by another! Protect, protect! Svāhā!’221 One should then place one clod in one’s own home and recite: ‘Oṁ, the snapping one, the immobilizing one, the bewildering one, the one who suppresses all rogues! Svāhā!’222
“Giving a flower, or something similar, incanted with this mantra will enthrall the target: ‘Homage to Fierce Great Anger. Kill, kill! Culu, culu! Remain, remain! Bind, bind! Bewilder, bewilder! Strike to kill, strike! Hūṁ phaṭ!’223
“With this mantra written on a leaf of umbrella tree, one will destroy all fever: ‘Homage to the Three Jewels, oṁ ṭaḥ! When one is delirious, svāhā!’”224
This concludes the chapter on various yantras and mantras used for inserting in effigies, the twentieth in the glorious Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa tantra called “The Sole Hero.”
Bibliography
Tibetan Manuscript of the Root Text
dpal gtum po khro bo chen po’i rgyud kyi rgyal po dpa’ bo gcig pa zhes bya ba. Toh 431, Degé Kangyur, vol. 80 (rgyud ’bum, nga), folios 304b–343a.
Sanskrit Manuscripts of the Root Text
Ekallavīranāmacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. London: Royal Asiatic Society. Ref.: Cowell 46/31.
Ekallavīranāmacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. Kathmandu: National Archives of Nepal. Ref.: NGMPP 3/687, Reel no. A 994/4.
Ekallavīratantram. Kathmandu: National Archives of Nepal. Ref.: NGMPP 5/170, Reel no. B 31/11.
Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. Göttingen: University of Göttingen Library. Ref.: Bandurski Xc 14/43–45.
Manuscripts of the Commentary
Mahāsukhavajra, Padmāvatīnāmā Pañjikā. Kathmandu: National Archives of Nepal. Ref.: NGMPP 3/502, Reel no. B 31/7.
Secondary Sources
de la Vallée Poussin, Louis. “The Buddhist ‘Wheel of Life’ from a New Source.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (New Series) 29, no. 3 (July 1897), pp 463–70.
Dharmachakra Translation Committee. The Tantra of Siddhaikavīra (Toh 544). 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2016.
Gäng, Peter, trans. Das Tantra des Grausig-Groß-Schreklichen. Berlin: Stechapfel, 1981.
George, Christopher S., trans. and ed. The Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa Tantra, Chapters I–VIII: A Critical Edition and English Translation. New Haven, CT: American Oriental Society, 1974.
Isaacson, Harunaga (2010). The Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantra. Handout. Kathmandu: Rangjung Yeshe Institute, February 17, 2010.
——— (2006). Reflections on the Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantra. Handout. Kathmandu: Nepal Research Centre, August 25, 2006.
Snellgrove, David. Hevajra Tantra: A Critical Study. London: Oxford University Press, 1959.