One of the six buddhas who preceded Śākyamuni in this Fortunate Eon.

A name common to thirty buddhas in the past. See also UT22084-001-006-5316.

In early Buddhism the second of seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. The first three buddhas‍—Vipaśyin, Śikhin, and Viśvabhuk‍—appeared in a kalpa earlier than our Bhadra kalpa, and therefore Śākyamuni is more commonly referred to as the fourth buddha. Also translated elsewhere as gtsug ldan; the Mahāvyutpatti also translates as gtsug tor can.

A buddha in the past.

A buddha.

In early Buddhism the first of the seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. The first three buddhas‍—Vipaśyin, Śikhin, and Viśvabhu‍—are in an earlier eon than the Bhadraka eon, and therefore Śākyamuni is more commonly referred to as the fourth buddha. In The White Lotus of Compassion Sūtra, those three buddhas are the last of thirty of the countless buddhas preceding Śākyamuni, and when the Buddha Ratnagarbha prophesies the buddhahood of Samudrareṇu’s thirty million pupils, the last three pupils, unnamed, are prophesied by the Buddha Ratnagarbha to become the Buddhas Vipaśyin, Śikhin, and Viśvabhu.

The second of the seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. The Tibetan translation could also be read as “one with a crown protuberance.”

One of the tathāgatas. The second of the seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. Identified in other texts as the penultimate buddha to appear in the eon that preceded the present one.

The second of the six buddhas who preceded Śākyamuni.

“Crown Ornament Holder.”

A former buddha. In early Buddhism listed as the second of the seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. The first three buddhas‍—Vipaśyin, Śikhin, and Viśvabhuk‍—appeared in an earlier eon than our own Fortunate Eon, and therefore Śākyamuni is also often referred to as the fourth buddha. Known in Pali as Sikhī.

A previous buddha.

One of the six buddhas who preceded Śākyamuni in this Fortunate Eon.

The second of the “seven previous buddhas.”

The second of the seven tathāgatas/buddhas. Identified in other texts as the penultimate buddha to appear in the eon that preceded the present one.

A previous buddha.

A buddha from a previous eon.

The second of the seven buddhas of the past.

One of the tathāgatas attending the delivery of the MMK; one of the eight tathāgatas

Second of the seven buddhas of the past.

One of the six buddhas who preceded Śākyamuni in this Fortunate Eon.

One of the six buddhas who preceded Śākyamuni in this Fortunate Eon.

The second of seven successive buddhas among whom Śākyamuni is the seventh.

In early Buddhism, the second of the seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. The first three buddhas‍—Vipaśyin, Śikhin, and Viśvabhu‍—are in an earlier eon than the Bhadraka eon, and therefore Śākyamuni is more commonly referred to as the fourth buddha.

In early Buddhism, the second of the seven buddhas, with Śākyamuni as the seventh. The first three buddhas‍—Vipaśyin, Śikhin, and Viśvabhu‍—are in an earlier eon than the Bhadraka eon, and therefore Śākyamuni is more commonly referred to as the fourth buddha.

One of the seven buddhas of the Fortunate Eon.