Emptiness, absence of marks, and wishlessness.

Absence of marks, absence of wishes, and emptiness.

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.

Absence of marks, absence of wishes, and emptiness. Also known as the “three liberations.”

These are: emptiness as a gateway to liberation, absence of marks of all phenomena as a gateway to liberation, and absence of wishes as a gateway to liberation. Among them, emptiness is characterized as the absence of inherent existence, absence of marks as the absence of mental images, and absence of wishes as the absence of hopes and fears.

Absence of marks, absence of wishes, and emptiness.

Emptiness, absence of marks, and absence of wishes.

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.

These are emptiness, the absence of features, and the absence of aspiration.

These are (1) emptiness as a gateway to liberation, (2) signlessness as a gateway to liberation, and (3) wishlessness as a gateway to liberation. Among them, emptiness is characterized as the absence of inherent existence, signlessness as the absence of distinguishing marks, and aspirationlessness as the absence of hopes and fears.

Emptiness, signlessness, wishlessness.

Signlessness, wishlessness, and emptiness.

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness. In The Questions of the Nāga King Anavatapta it is explained that emptiness means that all reference points are abandoned, signlessness means that all thoughts, concepts, discursiveness, signs, and ideas are abandoned, and wishlessness means that reliance on the three realms is abandoned.

See “three liberations.”

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.

See “gateways to liberation.”

See “three liberations.”

Emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness.