A person attains five paths on the way to awakening. Monastic offenses (Tib. ltung ba; Skt. āpatti) not only prevent the monastic from participating in saṅgha business, they are also said to impede the attainment of these paths.

Fourth of the four truths of the noble ones.

Refers here to the eightfold path of the noble ones that belongs to the thirty-seven factors conducive to awakening: right view, thought, speech, actions, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and absorption.

The five paths that lead to complete awakening: the path of accumulation (sambhāramārga), the path of preparation (prayogamārga), the path of seeing (darśanamārga), the path of cultivation (bhāvanāmārga), and the path of nothing left to learn (aśaikṣamārga).