The Kāraṇḍavyūha in the Vaidya edition references a group of islands, the distinction between singular and plural being lost in the Tibetan. Ratnadvīpa was one of the ancient names of Laṅka, as it was a rich source of jewels. In this same passage, however, Laṅka is identified as the land of the rākṣasīs. The theme of an ocean island rich in jewels appears frequently in Buddhist narratives.

The name of a mythical island or group of islands full of jewels, to which residents of Jambudvīpa attempted voyages to find their fortunes.

The name of a mythical island full of jewels and gemstones to which residents of Jambudvīpa occasionally attempted voyages to find their fortunes.

A mountain in the sea far beyond Jambudvīpa

An ocean off Jambudvīpa.